Difference between revisions of "Meningioma"
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==General== | ==General== | ||
* | ===Prevalence=== | ||
*Common. | |||
===Radiology=== | ===Radiology=== | ||
| Line 10: | Line 11: | ||
*Most are benign. | *Most are benign. | ||
**May be malignant. | **May be malignant. | ||
===Genetics=== | |||
*May be seen in genetic disorders such as: | *May be seen in genetic disorders such as: | ||
**[[Neurofibromatosis|Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2)]].<Ref>URL: [http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q13-Ans.htm http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q13-Ans.htm]. Accessed on: 26 October 2010.</ref> | **[[Neurofibromatosis|Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2)]].<Ref>URL: [http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q13-Ans.htm http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q13-Ans.htm]. Accessed on: 26 October 2010.</ref> | ||
Revision as of 23:15, 8 November 2010
Meningioma a very common tumour in neuropathology.
General
Prevalence
- Common.
Radiology
- Extra-axial.
Prognosis
- Most are benign.
- May be malignant.
Genetics
- May be seen in genetic disorders such as:
- Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2).[1]
- Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome).
- Cowden syndrome.
Microscopic
Features (memory device WTC):
- Whorled appearance - key feature.
- Thick-walled blood vessels, usually prominent.
- Calcification.
Many subtypes exist:
- Atypical meningioma.
- Has invasion of the brain - WHO Grade 2.
- Angiomatous meningioma.
- Others.
Images:
Notes:
- May involute into benign sclerotic tissue.[2]
Histomorphologic grading
Grading:[3]
- Grade 1:
- Low mitotic rate.
- Excludes clear cell, chordoid, papillary, and rhabdoid subtypes.
- Grade 2 (either #1 or #2):
- Brain-invasive meningioma.
- Protrusion of meningioma into brain.
- Meninogioma with entraped GFAP +ve tissue.
- Protrusion of meningioma into brain.
- Atypical meningioma (by histomorphology).
- Intermediate mitotic rate (>= 4 mitoses/10 HPF - for whatever HPF means, see HPFitis.)
- Three of the following five features:
- Sheeting architecture.
- High NC ratio clusters; clusters of "lymphocyte-like" cells.
- Hypercellularity.
- Macronucleoli.
- Necrosis not caused by treatment, e.g. radiation or embolization.
- Brain-invasive meningioma.
- Grade 3 (either of the following):
- High mitotic rate (>=20 mitoses/10 HPF - for whatever HPF means, see HPFitis.)
- "Frank anaplasia"; marked nuclear atypia.
Notes:
- Grade II soft criteria memory device HMNs: hypercellular, macronucleoli, NC ratio increased, necrosis, sheeting.
IHC
- EMA +ve.[4]
- Other CKs usu. -ve.
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q13-Ans.htm. Accessed on: 26 October 2010.
- ↑ URL: http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/23/3/785.long. Accessed on: 3 November 2010.
- ↑ Perry, Arie; Brat, Daniel J. (2010). Practical Surgical Neuropathology: A Diagnostic Approach: A Volume in the Pattern Recognition series (1st ed.). Churchill Livingstone. pp. 194. ISBN 978-0443069826.
- ↑ Perry, Arie; Brat, Daniel J. (2010). Practical Surgical Neuropathology: A Diagnostic Approach: A Volume in the Pattern Recognition series (1st ed.). Churchill Livingstone. pp. 13. ISBN 978-0443069826.