Difference between revisions of "Granular cell tumour"
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Features: | Features: | ||
*Cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm - '''key feature'''. | *Cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm - '''key feature'''. | ||
**Granules: | **Granules (represent abundant lysosomes<ref name=pmid10410172/>): | ||
***Size: 1-3 micrometers. | ***Size: 1-3 micrometers. | ||
***Poorly demarcated. | ***Poorly demarcated (on light microscopy). | ||
*Nested architecture. | *Nested architecture. | ||
*+/-Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. | *+/-Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. | ||
| Line 54: | Line 54: | ||
*CD68 +ve (cytoplasmic). | *CD68 +ve (cytoplasmic). | ||
*Vimentin +ve (membranous). | *Vimentin +ve (membranous). | ||
*Calretinin +ve (90-95%).<ref name=pmid12579997>{{Cite journal | last1 = Fine | first1 = SW. | last2 = Li | first2 = M. | title = Expression of calretinin and the alpha-subunit of inhibin in granular cell tumors. | journal = Am J Clin Pathol | volume = 119 | issue = 2 | pages = 259-64 | month = Feb | year = 2003 | doi = 10.1309/GRH4-JWX6-J9J7-QQTA | PMID = 12579997 }} | *Calretinin +ve (90-95%).<ref name=pmid12579997>{{Cite journal | last1 = Fine | first1 = SW. | last2 = Li | first2 = M. | title = Expression of calretinin and the alpha-subunit of inhibin in granular cell tumors. | journal = Am J Clin Pathol | volume = 119 | issue = 2 | pages = 259-64 | month = Feb | year = 2003 | doi = 10.1309/GRH4-JWX6-J9J7-QQTA | PMID = 12579997 }}</ref> | ||
</ref> | |||
Images: | Images: | ||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granular_cell_tumor_(3)_skin.jpg GCT - skin (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granular_cell_tumor_(3)_skin.jpg GCT - skin (WC)]. | ||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granular_cell_tumor_(4)_S-100.JPG GCT - S100 (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granular_cell_tumor_(4)_S-100.JPG GCT - S100 (WC)]. | ||
==EM== | |||
*Abundant lysosomes.<ref name=pmid10410172>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ordóñez | first1 = NG. | title = Granular cell tumor: a review and update. | journal = Adv Anat Pathol | volume = 6 | issue = 4 | pages = 186-203 | month = Jul | year = 1999 | doi = | PMID = 10410172 }}</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 12:27, 2 June 2012
The granular cell tumour is a rare beast.
General
- Rare.
- Usually benign.
- May seen in the context of LEOPARD syndrome and a mutation in the PTPN11 gene.[1]
- PTPN11 = protein-tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11.[2]
- Gene implicated in Noonan syndrome 1.
- PTPN11 = protein-tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11.[2]
- May mimic (well-differentiated) squamous cell carcinoma - histopathologically.
- There is a well-described phenomenon called pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia.[3]
Aside:
- Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is seen in:
- Fungal infections.
- Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia.
- Granular cell tumour.
- Adjacent to an ulcer.
Sites
May be seen in any number of sites:
- Granular cell tumour of the breast.
- Granular cell tumour of the skin.
- Granular cell tumour of the tongue.
- Granular cell tumour of the esophagus.
Gross
- Yellow nodule.
DDx of yellow nodule:
- Granular cell tumour.
- Lipoma.
- Xanthoma.
Microscopic
Features:
- Cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm - key feature.
- Granules (represent abundant lysosomes[4]):
- Size: 1-3 micrometers.
- Poorly demarcated (on light microscopy).
- Granules (represent abundant lysosomes[4]):
- Nested architecture.
- +/-Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia.
- May mimic SCC.
DDx:
Special stains
- PAS +ve.
IHC
Features:[5]
- S100 +ve.
- CD68 +ve (cytoplasmic).
- Vimentin +ve (membranous).
- Calretinin +ve (90-95%).[6]
Images:
_skin.jpg){kind=link}
_S-100.JPG){kind=link}
EM
- Abundant lysosomes.[4]
See also
References
- ↑ Schrader, KA.; Nelson, TN.; De Luca, A.; Huntsman, DG.; McGillivray, BC. (Feb 2009). "Multiple granular cell tumors are an associated feature of LEOPARD syndrome caused by mutation in PTPN11.". Clin Genet 75 (2): 185-9. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01100.x. PMID 19054014.
- ↑ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 176876
- ↑ Abu-Eid R, Landini G (March 2006). "Morphometrical differences between pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia in granular cell tumours and squamous cell carcinomas". Histopathology 48 (4): 407–16. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2006.02350.x. PMID 16487362.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ordóñez, NG. (Jul 1999). "Granular cell tumor: a review and update.". Adv Anat Pathol 6 (4): 186-203. PMID 10410172.
- ↑ Rekhi, B.; Jambhekar, NA. (Jun 2010). "Morphologic spectrum, immunohistochemical analysis, and clinical features of a series of granular cell tumors of soft tissues: a study from a tertiary referral cancer center.". Ann Diagn Pathol 14 (3): 162-7. doi:10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.01.005. PMID 20471560.
- ↑ Fine, SW.; Li, M. (Feb 2003). "Expression of calretinin and the alpha-subunit of inhibin in granular cell tumors.". Am J Clin Pathol 119 (2): 259-64. doi:10.1309/GRH4-JWX6-J9J7-QQTA. PMID 12579997.