Difference between revisions of "Epilepsy"
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'''Epilepsy''' is a common chronic seizure disorder. | '''Epilepsy''' is a common chronic seizure disorder. | ||
==Etiology== | ==General== | ||
*Epilepsy = seizures that are "idiopathic", i.e. no brain tumour, no mass lesion, no brain injury. | |||
*Most common form: ''temporal lobe epilepsy''.<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/342150-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/342150-overview]. Accessed on: 20 November 2010.</ref> | |||
===Etiology=== | |||
*Many. | *Many. | ||
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*[[Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour]].<ref name=pmid15881751>{{Cite journal | last1 = Cataltepe | first1 = O. | last2 = Turanli | first2 = G. | last3 = Yalnizoglu | first3 = D. | last4 = Topçu | first4 = M. | last5 = Akalan | first5 = N. | title = Surgical management of temporal lobe tumor-related epilepsy in children. | journal = J Neurosurg | volume = 102 | issue = 3 Suppl | pages = 280-7 | month = Apr | year = 2005 | doi = 10.3171/ped.2005.102.3.0280 | PMID = 15881751 }}</ref> | *[[Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour]].<ref name=pmid15881751>{{Cite journal | last1 = Cataltepe | first1 = O. | last2 = Turanli | first2 = G. | last3 = Yalnizoglu | first3 = D. | last4 = Topçu | first4 = M. | last5 = Akalan | first5 = N. | title = Surgical management of temporal lobe tumor-related epilepsy in children. | journal = J Neurosurg | volume = 102 | issue = 3 Suppl | pages = 280-7 | month = Apr | year = 2005 | doi = 10.3171/ped.2005.102.3.0280 | PMID = 15881751 }}</ref> | ||
*[[Ganglioglioma]].<ref name=pmid12125968>{{Cite journal | last1 = Im | first1 = SH. | last2 = Chung | first2 = CK. | last3 = Cho | first3 = BK. | last4 = Lee | first4 = SK. | title = Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome. | journal = J Neurooncol | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-66 | month = Mar | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12125968 }}</ref> | *[[Ganglioglioma]].<ref name=pmid12125968>{{Cite journal | last1 = Im | first1 = SH. | last2 = Chung | first2 = CK. | last3 = Cho | first3 = BK. | last4 = Lee | first4 = SK. | title = Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome. | journal = J Neurooncol | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-66 | month = Mar | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12125968 }}</ref> | ||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features:<ref>MUN. 15 November 2010.</ref> | |||
*Mesial temporal sclerosis = scarring of the medial temporal lobe. | |||
**Involves: hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala. | |||
***Hippocampus: CA1 and CA4 affected. | |||
Notes: | |||
*Changes in CA1 & CA4 of the hippocampus - DDx: | |||
**[[Epilepsy]]. | |||
**[[Dementia]]. | |||
==Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy== | ==Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy== | ||
Revision as of 19:03, 29 February 2012
Epilepsy is a common chronic seizure disorder.
General
- Epilepsy = seizures that are "idiopathic", i.e. no brain tumour, no mass lesion, no brain injury.
- Most common form: temporal lobe epilepsy.[1]
Etiology
- Many.
Syndromic:
Tumour:
Microscopic
Features:[4]
- Mesial temporal sclerosis = scarring of the medial temporal lobe.
- Involves: hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala.
- Hippocampus: CA1 and CA4 affected.
- Involves: hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala.
Notes:
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
- Abbreviated SUDEP.
Diagnosis:
- Negative autopsy.
- History of epilepsy.
Epidemiology:[5]
- Typically poorly controlled epilepsy.
- Incidence: 0.09-9 per 1000 patient-years.
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/342150-overview. Accessed on: 20 November 2010.
- ↑ Cataltepe, O.; Turanli, G.; Yalnizoglu, D.; Topçu, M.; Akalan, N. (Apr 2005). "Surgical management of temporal lobe tumor-related epilepsy in children.". J Neurosurg 102 (3 Suppl): 280-7. doi:10.3171/ped.2005.102.3.0280. PMID 15881751.
- ↑ Im, SH.; Chung, CK.; Cho, BK.; Lee, SK. (Mar 2002). "Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome.". J Neurooncol 57 (1): 59-66. PMID 12125968.
- ↑ MUN. 15 November 2010.
- ↑ Tomson, T.; Nashef, L.; Ryvlin, P. (Nov 2008). "Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: current knowledge and future directions.". Lancet Neurol 7 (11): 1021-31. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70202-3. PMID 18805738.