Difference between revisions of "Pseudomelanosis coli"
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | |||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| Image = Melanosis_coli_intermed_mag.jpg | |||
| Width = | |||
| Caption = Pseudomelanosis coli. [[H&E stain]]. | |||
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| Subtypes = | |||
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| Stains = | |||
| IHC = | |||
| EM = | |||
| Molecular = | |||
| IF = | |||
| Gross = | |||
| Grossing = | |||
| Site = [[colon]] | |||
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| Clinicalhx = | |||
| Signs = | |||
| Symptoms = | |||
| Prevalence = | |||
| Bloodwork = | |||
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| Endoscopy = brown discolouration of the mucosa | |||
| Prognosis = | |||
| Other = | |||
| ClinDDx = [[colitis]] | |||
}} | |||
'''Pseudomelanosis coli''', also known as '''melanosis coli''',<ref>URL: [http://www.medicinenet.com/melanosis_coli/article.htm http://www.medicinenet.com/melanosis_coli/article.htm]. Accessed on: 4 March 2011.</ref> is a relatively common benign change seen in the [[colon]]. | '''Pseudomelanosis coli''', also known as '''melanosis coli''',<ref>URL: [http://www.medicinenet.com/melanosis_coli/article.htm http://www.medicinenet.com/melanosis_coli/article.htm]. Accessed on: 4 March 2011.</ref> is a relatively common benign change seen in the [[colon]]. | ||
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===Images=== | ===Images=== | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
Image:Melanosis_coli_low_mag.jpg | Melanosis coli - low mag. (WC/Nephron) | |||
Image:Melanosis_coli_high_mag.jpg | Melanosis coli - high mag. (WC/Nephron) | Image:Melanosis_coli_high_mag.jpg | Melanosis coli - high mag. (WC/Nephron) | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
===Stains=== | ===Stains=== | ||
Revision as of 18:53, 19 August 2013
| Pseudomelanosis coli | |
|---|---|
| Diagnosis in short | |
 Pseudomelanosis coli. H&E stain. | |
| Site | colon |
|
| |
| Endoscopy | brown discolouration of the mucosa |
| Clin. DDx | colitis |
Pseudomelanosis coli, also known as melanosis coli,[1] is a relatively common benign change seen in the colon.
General
- Not melanin as the name melanosis coli suggests; it is actually lipofuscin (in macrophages).[2]
- Endoscopist may see brown pigmentation of mucosa and suspect the diagnosis.
- Presence may lead to endoscopic misinterpretation of colitis severity.[3]
Epidemiology
- Classically associated with anthracene containing laxative (e.g. Senokot) use and herbal remedies.[2]
- May be seen in individuals not using laxatives.[4]
- Seen in (long-standing) inflammatory bowel disease, especially ulcerative colitis.[4]
Gross
- Brown pigmentation of the mucosa, esp. cecum and proximal colon.
Endoscopic image
Melanosis coli - endoscopic image (WC)
Microscopic
Features:
- Brown granular pigment - in the lamina propria.
- Typically more prominent in the cecum and proximal colon.[2]
Notes:
- DDx of brown pigment:
- Lipofuscin - comes with age (can be demonstrated with a PAS stain[5] or Kluver-Barrera stain[6]).
- Melanosis coli.
- Old haemorrhage, i.e. hemosiderin-laden macrophages (may be demonstrated with Prussian blue stain[7]).
- Melanin (from melanocytes) - rare in colon (may be demonstrated with a Fontana-Masson stain[8] -- though not so useful in the GI tract).
- Foreign material (e.g. tattoo pigment) - not seen in GI tract.
- Lipofuscin - comes with age (can be demonstrated with a PAS stain[5] or Kluver-Barrera stain[6]).
Images
Melanosis coli - low mag. (WC/Nephron)
Melanosis coli - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
Stains
Sign out
ASCENDING COLON, BIOPSY: - PSEUDOMELANOSIS COLI. - NEGATIVE FOR ACTIVE COLITIS. - NEGATIVE FOR DYSPLASIA.
- ↑ URL: http://www.medicinenet.com/melanosis_coli/article.htm. Accessed on: 4 March 2011.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Freeman HJ (July 2008). ""Melanosis" in the small and large intestine". World J. Gastroenterol. 14 (27): 4296-9. PMID 18666316. http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/14/4296.asp.
- ↑ Zapatier, JA.; Schneider, A.; Parra, JL. (Dec 2010). "Overestimation of ulcerative colitis due to melanosis coli.". Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam 40 (4): 351-3. PMID 21375218.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Pardi, DS.; Tremaine, WJ.; Rothenberg, HJ.; Batts, KP. (Apr 1998). "Melanosis coli in inflammatory bowel disease.". J Clin Gastroenterol 26 (3): 167-70. PMID 9600362.
- ↑ Kovi J, Leifer C (July 1970). "Lipofuscin pigment accumulation in spontaneous mammary carcinoma of A/Jax mouse". J Natl Med Assoc 62 (4): 287–90. PMC 2611776. PMID 5463681. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2611776/pdf/jnma00512-0077.pdf.
- ↑ URL: http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/curriculum/VM8054/labs/Lab2/Examples/exkluvbarr.htm. Accessed on: 5 May 2010.
- ↑ URL: http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/curriculum/VM8054/labs/Lab2/Examples/exprussb.htm. Accessed on: 5 May 2010.
- ↑ URL: http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/curriculum/VM8054/labs/Lab2/Examples/exfontana.htm. Accessed on: 5 May 2010.
- ↑ Benavides SH, Morgante PE, Monserrat AJ, Zárate J, Porta EA (August 1997). "The pigment of melanosis coli: a lectin histochemical study". Gastrointest. Endosc. 46 (2): 131–8. PMID 9283862.