Difference between revisions of "Vascular malformations"
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*Red spot. | *Red spot. | ||
*Polypoid. | *Polypoid. | ||
===Gross=== | |||
*Red spot - well demarcated. | |||
Image: | |||
*[http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/img/Dermatology%20Glossary/Glossary%20Clinical%20Images/CherryAngioma.jpg Cherry angioma (ucsf.edu)].<ref name=ucsf_ca>URL:: [http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/cherry_angioma.html http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/cherry_angioma.html]. Accessed on: 13 August 2012.</ref> | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
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Images: | Images: | ||
*[http://www.dermpathexpert.com/id30.html Cherry hemangioma (dermpathexpert.com)]. | *[http://www.dermpathexpert.com/id30.html Cherry hemangioma (dermpathexpert.com)]. | ||
*[http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/img/Dermatology%20Glossary/Glossary%20Histo%20Images/cherry_angioma_mid_power.jpg Cherry angioma (ucsf.edu)].<ref name=ucsf_ca>URL:: [http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/cherry_angioma.html http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/cherry_angioma.html]. Accessed on: 13 August 2012.</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 21:16, 13 August 2012
Vascular malformations come in different flavours.
Types:[1]
- Arteriovenous malformation.
- Most important clinically - highest risk of bleeding.
- Varix.
- One large (dilated) vein.
- Venous angioma.
- Many small veins.
- Caverous malformation.
- Vessels are back-to-back (no intervening parenchyma).
Also see: Sturge-Weber syndrome.
Arteriovenous malformation
General
- High risk for bleeding vis-a-vis other vascular malformations.
- May be seen in the context of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.[2]
Gross
Features:[1]
- Classically wedge-shaped - with base toward superficial aspect and apex toward deep aspect (like pulmonary infarcts).
- Usually middle cerebral artery distribution.
Image:
Microscopic
Features:
- Large vessels with eccentric wall thickening.
- "Large" = ~ 0.5 mm (0.25-1.0 mm).
- 0.25 mm = ~ 31 RBC diameters across.
- "Large" = ~ 0.5 mm (0.25-1.0 mm).
Images:
Notes:
- There is usually one feeding artery.
- The artery is often not seen.
- Arteries have a well-defined internal elastic lamina and an external elastic lamina (best seen on elastic trichrome).
- Veins do not have an external elastic lamina and have a poorly developed/thin internal elastic lamina.
Cavernous angioma
General
- Usually diagnosed by radiology.
Microscopic
Features:
- Vessels back-to-back/little intervening parenchyma.
- Muscle is absent in the vessel walls - key feature.[3]
Cherry angioma
- AKA Campbell De Morgan spots, senile angioma.
General
- Benign.
- Common in the elderly.
Clincal:
- Red spot.
- Polypoid.
Gross
- Red spot - well demarcated.
Image:
Microscopic
Features:[5]
- Superifical polypoid lesion that is well-circumscribed.
- Abundant capillaries - key feature.
Images:
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Prayson RA, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK (November 2006). "An algorithmic approach to the brain biopsy--part II". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 130 (11): 1639–48. PMID 17076525.
- ↑ Marchuk, DA.; Srinivasan, S.; Squire, TL.; Zawistowski, JS. (Apr 2003). "Vascular morphogenesis: tales of two syndromes.". Hum Mol Genet 12 Spec No 1: R97-112. PMID 12668602.
- ↑ MUN. 23 November 2010.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 URL:: http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/cherry_angioma.html. Accessed on: 13 August 2012.
- ↑ Busam, Klaus J. (2009). Dermatopathology: A Volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 546. ISBN 978-0443066542.