Difference between revisions of "Epilepsy"
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*[[Ganglioglioma]].<ref name=pmid12125968>{{Cite journal | last1 = Im | first1 = SH. | last2 = Chung | first2 = CK. | last3 = Cho | first3 = BK. | last4 = Lee | first4 = SK. | title = Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome. | journal = J Neurooncol | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-66 | month = Mar | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12125968 }}</ref> | *[[Ganglioglioma]].<ref name=pmid12125968>{{Cite journal | last1 = Im | first1 = SH. | last2 = Chung | first2 = CK. | last3 = Cho | first3 = BK. | last4 = Lee | first4 = SK. | title = Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome. | journal = J Neurooncol | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 59-66 | month = Mar | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12125968 }}</ref> | ||
== | ==Types== | ||
Features:<ref>MUN. 15 November 2010.</ref> | Features:<ref>MUN. 15 November 2010.</ref> | ||
*Temporal lobe epilepsy | |||
*Mesial temporal sclerosis = scarring of the medial temporal lobe. | *Mesial temporal sclerosis = scarring of the medial temporal lobe. | ||
**Involves: hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala. | **Involves: hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala. | ||
*** | |||
===Hippocampal sclerosis=== | |||
*Most frequent histopathology in temporal lobe epilepsy (33% of all epilepsy surgery specimen). | |||
*ILAE classification for hippocampus specimen:<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Blümcke | first1 = I. | last2 = Thom | first2 = M. | last3 = Aronica | first3 = E. | last4 = Armstrong | first4 = DD. | last5 = Bartolomei | first5 = F. | last6 = Bernasconi | first6 = A. | last7 = Bernasconi | first7 = N. | last8 = Bien | first8 = CG. | last9 = Cendes | first9 = F. | title = International consensus classification of hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy: a Task Force report from the ILAE Commission on Diagnostic Methods. | journal = Epilepsia | volume = 54 | issue = 7 | pages = 1315-29 | month = Jul | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1111/epi.12220 | PMID = 23692496 }}</ref> | |||
** ILAE type 1: cell loss predominantly in CA1 and CA4 sectors. | |||
** ILAE type 2: predominant CA1 neuron loss and gliosis. | |||
** ILAE type 3: CA4 predominant neuronal cell loss and gliosis. | |||
Clinic: | |||
ILAE type 1: benefit from epilepsy surgery. | |||
Notes: | Notes: | ||
* | *Gliosis withot neuronal loss is not considered hippocampal sclerosis. | ||
DDx: | |||
**Epilepsy. | **Epilepsy. | ||
**[[Dementia]]. | **[[Dementia]]. | ||
Revision as of 09:27, 21 April 2016
Epilepsy is a common chronic seizure disorder.
General
- Epilepsy = seizures that are "idiopathic", i.e. no brain tumour, no mass lesion, no brain injury.
- Most common form: temporal lobe epilepsy.[1]
Etiology
- Many.
Syndromic:
Tumour:
Types
Features:[4]
- Temporal lobe epilepsy
- Mesial temporal sclerosis = scarring of the medial temporal lobe.
- Involves: hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala.
Hippocampal sclerosis
- Most frequent histopathology in temporal lobe epilepsy (33% of all epilepsy surgery specimen).
- ILAE classification for hippocampus specimen:[5]
- ILAE type 1: cell loss predominantly in CA1 and CA4 sectors.
- ILAE type 2: predominant CA1 neuron loss and gliosis.
- ILAE type 3: CA4 predominant neuronal cell loss and gliosis.
Clinic: ILAE type 1: benefit from epilepsy surgery.
Notes:
- Gliosis withot neuronal loss is not considered hippocampal sclerosis.
DDx:
- Epilepsy.
- Dementia.
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
- Abbreviated SUDEP.
Diagnosis:
- Negative autopsy.
- History of epilepsy.
Epidemiology:[6]
- Typically poorly controlled epilepsy.
- Incidence: 0.09-9 per 1000 patient-years.
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/342150-overview. Accessed on: 20 November 2010.
- ↑ Cataltepe, O.; Turanli, G.; Yalnizoglu, D.; Topçu, M.; Akalan, N. (Apr 2005). "Surgical management of temporal lobe tumor-related epilepsy in children.". J Neurosurg 102 (3 Suppl): 280-7. doi:10.3171/ped.2005.102.3.0280. PMID 15881751.
- ↑ Im, SH.; Chung, CK.; Cho, BK.; Lee, SK. (Mar 2002). "Supratentorial ganglioglioma and epilepsy: postoperative seizure outcome.". J Neurooncol 57 (1): 59-66. PMID 12125968.
- ↑ MUN. 15 November 2010.
- ↑ Blümcke, I.; Thom, M.; Aronica, E.; Armstrong, DD.; Bartolomei, F.; Bernasconi, A.; Bernasconi, N.; Bien, CG. et al. (Jul 2013). "International consensus classification of hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy: a Task Force report from the ILAE Commission on Diagnostic Methods.". Epilepsia 54 (7): 1315-29. doi:10.1111/epi.12220. PMID 23692496.
- ↑ Tomson, T.; Nashef, L.; Ryvlin, P. (Nov 2008). "Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: current knowledge and future directions.". Lancet Neurol 7 (11): 1021-31. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70202-3. PMID 18805738.