Difference between revisions of "Programmed cell death 1"
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*Avelumab. | *Avelumab. | ||
Uncertain whether it binds PD- | Uncertain whether it binds PD-1: | ||
*Pidilizumab. | *Pidilizumab. | ||
==IHC== | ==IHC== | ||
*There is no standard | *There is no standard antibody. | ||
*Currently, each drug company has its own clone. Whether the antibodies are interchangeable is a subject of study. | *Currently, each drug company has its own clone. Whether the antibodies are interchangeable is a subject of study. | ||
<center> | <center> | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
!Clone | !Clone | ||
!IHC platform | |||
!Associated drug | !Associated drug | ||
!Testing required | !Testing required | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 28-8 | | 28-8 | ||
| Dako | |||
| Nivolumab<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Borghaei | first1 = H. | last2 = Paz-Ares | first2 = L. | last3 = Horn | first3 = L. | last4 = Spigel | first4 = DR. | last5 = Steins | first5 = M. | last6 = Ready | first6 = NE. | last7 = Chow | first7 = LQ. | last8 = Vokes | first8 = EE. | last9 = Felip | first9 = E. | title = Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 373 | issue = 17 | pages = 1627-39 | month = Oct | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa1507643 | PMID = 26412456 }}</ref> | | Nivolumab<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Borghaei | first1 = H. | last2 = Paz-Ares | first2 = L. | last3 = Horn | first3 = L. | last4 = Spigel | first4 = DR. | last5 = Steins | first5 = M. | last6 = Ready | first6 = NE. | last7 = Chow | first7 = LQ. | last8 = Vokes | first8 = EE. | last9 = Felip | first9 = E. | title = Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 373 | issue = 17 | pages = 1627-39 | month = Oct | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa1507643 | PMID = 26412456 }}</ref> | ||
| no testing for squamous carcinoma, | | no testing for squamous carcinoma, pending further information for non-squamous | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 22C3 | | 22C3 | ||
| Dako | |||
| Pembrolizumab<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Garon | first1 = EB. | last2 = Rizvi | first2 = NA. | last3 = Hui | first3 = R. | last4 = Leighl | first4 = N. | last5 = Balmanoukian | first5 = AS. | last6 = Eder | first6 = JP. | last7 = Patnaik | first7 = A. | last8 = Aggarwal | first8 = C. | last9 = Gubens | first9 = M. | title = Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 372 | issue = 21 | pages = 2018-28 | month = May | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa1501824 | PMID = 25891174 }}</ref> | | Pembrolizumab<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Garon | first1 = EB. | last2 = Rizvi | first2 = NA. | last3 = Hui | first3 = R. | last4 = Leighl | first4 = N. | last5 = Balmanoukian | first5 = AS. | last6 = Eder | first6 = JP. | last7 = Patnaik | first7 = A. | last8 = Aggarwal | first8 = C. | last9 = Gubens | first9 = M. | title = Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 372 | issue = 21 | pages = 2018-28 | month = May | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa1501824 | PMID = 25891174 }}</ref> | ||
| testing required | | testing required | ||
|- | |- | ||
| SP142 | | SP142 | ||
| Ventana | |||
| Atezolizumab<ref name=pmid26970723>{{Cite journal | last1 = Fehrenbacher | first1 = L. | last2 = Spira | first2 = A. | last3 = Ballinger | first3 = M. | last4 = Kowanetz | first4 = M. | last5 = Vansteenkiste | first5 = J. | last6 = Mazieres | first6 = J. | last7 = Park | first7 = K. | last8 = Smith | first8 = D. | last9 = Artal-Cortes | first9 = A. | title = Atezolizumab versus docetaxel for patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (POPLAR): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 randomised controlled trial. | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10030 | pages = 1837-46 | month = Apr | year = 2016 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00587-0 | PMID = 26970723 }}</ref> | | Atezolizumab<ref name=pmid26970723>{{Cite journal | last1 = Fehrenbacher | first1 = L. | last2 = Spira | first2 = A. | last3 = Ballinger | first3 = M. | last4 = Kowanetz | first4 = M. | last5 = Vansteenkiste | first5 = J. | last6 = Mazieres | first6 = J. | last7 = Park | first7 = K. | last8 = Smith | first8 = D. | last9 = Artal-Cortes | first9 = A. | title = Atezolizumab versus docetaxel for patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (POPLAR): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 randomised controlled trial. | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10030 | pages = 1837-46 | month = Apr | year = 2016 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00587-0 | PMID = 26970723 }}</ref> | ||
| testing required | | testing required | ||
|- | |- | ||
| SP263 | | SP263 | ||
| Ventana | |||
| Durvalumab | | Durvalumab | ||
| testing likely required | | testing likely required | ||
Latest revision as of 17:51, 23 November 2016
Programmed cell death 1, abbreviated PDCD1 and PD1,[1] is a protein (and gene) with an important role in immune system regulation and cancer. It is found on T lymphocytes.
It is also known as CD279.
PD1 binds with programmed death-ligand 1 (dealt with separately) and programmed death-ligand 2.[2]
Background
Cytotoxic T cell function is regulated by receptor pairs found on the tumour and lymphocyte:[2]
| Function | Tumour cell | T cell |
|---|---|---|
| Antigen presentation | MHC | TCR |
| Signal inhibition | PD-1 | PD-L1 (CD274), PD-L2 (CD273) |
Drugs
- Pembrolizumab.
- Nivolumab.
- Atezolizumab.
- Durvalumab.
- Avelumab.
Uncertain whether it binds PD-1:
- Pidilizumab.
IHC
- There is no standard antibody.
- Currently, each drug company has its own clone. Whether the antibodies are interchangeable is a subject of study.
| Clone | IHC platform | Associated drug | Testing required |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28-8 | Dako | Nivolumab[3] | no testing for squamous carcinoma, pending further information for non-squamous |
| 22C3 | Dako | Pembrolizumab[4] | testing required |
| SP142 | Ventana | Atezolizumab[5] | testing required |
| SP263 | Ventana | Durvalumab | testing likely required |
See also
- Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).
References
- ↑ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 600244
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ribas, A. (Jun 2012). "Tumor immunotherapy directed at PD-1.". N Engl J Med 366 (26): 2517-9. doi:10.1056/NEJMe1205943. PMID 22658126.
- ↑ Borghaei, H.; Paz-Ares, L.; Horn, L.; Spigel, DR.; Steins, M.; Ready, NE.; Chow, LQ.; Vokes, EE. et al. (Oct 2015). "Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.". N Engl J Med 373 (17): 1627-39. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1507643. PMID 26412456.
- ↑ Garon, EB.; Rizvi, NA.; Hui, R.; Leighl, N.; Balmanoukian, AS.; Eder, JP.; Patnaik, A.; Aggarwal, C. et al. (May 2015). "Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.". N Engl J Med 372 (21): 2018-28. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1501824. PMID 25891174.
- ↑ Fehrenbacher, L.; Spira, A.; Ballinger, M.; Kowanetz, M.; Vansteenkiste, J.; Mazieres, J.; Park, K.; Smith, D. et al. (Apr 2016). "Atezolizumab versus docetaxel for patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (POPLAR): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 randomised controlled trial.". Lancet 387 (10030): 1837-46. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00587-0. PMID 26970723.