Difference between revisions of "Heart anatomy"

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This article covers the anatomy of the [[heart]].
This article covers the anatomy of the [[heart]].


==Arteries==
==Coronary arteries==
*Left main coronary artery (LMCA).
**Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD).
**Left circumflex coronary artery (LCx).
*Right coronary artery (RCA).
 
===Less common===
*Ramus intermedius - middle branch of LMCA if it trifurcates (instead of bifurcates).<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kim | first1 = SY. | last2 = Seo | first2 = JB. | last3 = Do | first3 = KH. | last4 = Heo | first4 = JN. | last5 = Lee | first5 = JS. | last6 = Song | first6 = JW. | last7 = Choe | first7 = YH. | last8 = Kim | first8 = TH. | last9 = Yong | first9 = HS. | title = Coronary artery anomalies: classification and ECG-gated multi-detector row CT findings with angiographic correlation. | journal = Radiographics | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 317-33; discussion 333-4 | month =  | year =  | doi = 10.1148/rg.262055068 | PMID = 16549600 | url=http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/26/2/317.full }}</ref>
*Ramus intermedius - middle branch of LMCA if it trifurcates (instead of bifurcates).<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kim | first1 = SY. | last2 = Seo | first2 = JB. | last3 = Do | first3 = KH. | last4 = Heo | first4 = JN. | last5 = Lee | first5 = JS. | last6 = Song | first6 = JW. | last7 = Choe | first7 = YH. | last8 = Kim | first8 = TH. | last9 = Yong | first9 = HS. | title = Coronary artery anomalies: classification and ECG-gated multi-detector row CT findings with angiographic correlation. | journal = Radiographics | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 317-33; discussion 333-4 | month =  | year =  | doi = 10.1148/rg.262055068 | PMID = 16549600 | url=http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/26/2/317.full }}</ref>
**Present in approx. 1/3 of patients.
**Present in approx. 1/3 of patients.


==Obscure terms==
==Obscure terms==
*Plica transversae aortae = between aortic root & reflection pericardium.<ref name=pmid10617058>{{cite journal |author=Unger F, Rainer WG |title=The plica transversa aortae: an addendum to the anatomic nomenclature of the heart |journal=Ann. Thorac. Surg. |volume=68 |issue=6 |pages=2391 |year=1999 |month=December |pmid=10617058 |doi= |url=http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/68/6/2391 }}</ref>
*Plica transversae aortae = between aortic root & reflection [[pericardium]].<ref name=pmid10617058>{{cite journal |author=Unger F, Rainer WG |title=The plica transversa aortae: an addendum to the anatomic nomenclature of the heart |journal=Ann. Thorac. Surg. |volume=68 |issue=6 |pages=2391 |year=1999 |month=December |pmid=10617058 |doi= |url=http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/68/6/2391 }}</ref>
*Vincula aortae (fold of Rindfleisch) = aorta & pulmonary artery attachment, site of rupture.<ref>URL: [http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/71/2/762-b http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/71/2/762-b]. Accessed on: 16 September 2010.</ref>
*Vincula aortae (fold of Rindfleisch) = aorta & pulmonary artery attachment, site of rupture.<ref>URL: [http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/71/2/762-b http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/71/2/762-b]. Accessed on: 16 September 2010.</ref>
*Central fibrous body = fibrotic tissue that forms the membranous septum and part of the LVOT.<ref name=pmid12369589>{{cite journal |author=Ho SY |title=Anatomy of the mitral valve |journal=Heart |volume=88 Suppl 4 |issue= |pages=iv5–10 |year=2002 |month=November |pmid=12369589 |pmc=1876279 |doi= |url=http://heart.bmj.com/content/88/suppl_4/iv5.full}}</ref>
**The AV node lies adjacent to it.  There is case report suggesting, if the AV node is found within the central fibrous body, it may lead to sudden death.<ref>{{cite journal |author=James TN, Marshall TK |title=XVIII. Persistent fetal dispersion of the atrioventricular node and His bundle within the central fibrous body |journal=Circulation |volume=53 |issue=6 |pages=1026–34 |year=1976 |month=June |pmid=1269117 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==Left ventricle vs. right ventricle==
==Left ventricle vs. right ventricle==
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*Right ventricle.
*Right ventricle.
**Infundibulum.  
**Infundibulum.  
**Crista ventricularis = muscular ridge in RVOT between tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve.<ref>URL: [http://www.philachd.org/glossary/c.html#crista%20ventricularis http://www.philachd.org/glossary/c.html#crista%20ventricularis]. Accessed on: 16 September 2010.</ref>
**Crista supraventricularis ([[AKA]] crista ventricularis) = muscular ridge in RVOT between tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve.<ref>URL: [http://www.isachd.org/proglossary/index.php?&ob=c#crista%20ventricularis http://www.isachd.org/proglossary/index.php?&ob=c#crista%20ventricularis]. Accessed on: 16 February 2011.</ref>


Others
Others
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==See also==
==See also==
*[[Heart]].
*[[Heart]].
*[[Coronary artery bypass grafts]].


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 21:00, 13 June 2014

This article covers the anatomy of the heart.

Coronary arteries

  • Left main coronary artery (LMCA).
    • Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD).
    • Left circumflex coronary artery (LCx).
  • Right coronary artery (RCA).

Less common

  • Ramus intermedius - middle branch of LMCA if it trifurcates (instead of bifurcates).[1]
    • Present in approx. 1/3 of patients.

Obscure terms

  • Plica transversae aortae = between aortic root & reflection pericardium.[2]
  • Vincula aortae (fold of Rindfleisch) = aorta & pulmonary artery attachment, site of rupture.[3]
  • Central fibrous body = fibrotic tissue that forms the membranous septum and part of the LVOT.[4]
    • The AV node lies adjacent to it. There is case report suggesting, if the AV node is found within the central fibrous body, it may lead to sudden death.[5]

Left ventricle vs. right ventricle

  • Left ventricle.
    • Smooth outflow tract.
  • Right ventricle.
    • Infundibulum.
    • Crista supraventricularis (AKA crista ventricularis) = muscular ridge in RVOT between tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve.[6]

Others

  • Trabeculae carneae. (???)
  • Semilunar valve attachment. (???)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Kim, SY.; Seo, JB.; Do, KH.; Heo, JN.; Lee, JS.; Song, JW.; Choe, YH.; Kim, TH. et al. "Coronary artery anomalies: classification and ECG-gated multi-detector row CT findings with angiographic correlation.". Radiographics 26 (2): 317-33; discussion 333-4. doi:10.1148/rg.262055068. PMID 16549600. http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/26/2/317.full.
  2. ↑ Unger F, Rainer WG (December 1999). "The plica transversa aortae: an addendum to the anatomic nomenclature of the heart". Ann. Thorac. Surg. 68 (6): 2391. PMID 10617058. http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/68/6/2391.
  3. ↑ URL: http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/71/2/762-b. Accessed on: 16 September 2010.
  4. ↑ Ho SY (November 2002). "Anatomy of the mitral valve". Heart 88 Suppl 4: iv5–10. PMC 1876279. PMID 12369589. http://heart.bmj.com/content/88/suppl_4/iv5.full.
  5. ↑ James TN, Marshall TK (June 1976). "XVIII. Persistent fetal dispersion of the atrioventricular node and His bundle within the central fibrous body". Circulation 53 (6): 1026–34. PMID 1269117.
  6. ↑ URL: http://www.isachd.org/proglossary/index.php?&ob=c#crista%20ventricularis. Accessed on: 16 February 2011.

External links

Retrieved from "https://librepathology.org/w/index.php?title=Heart_anatomy&oldid=32047"