Difference between revisions of "Cutaneous calcinosis"

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#redirect [[Non-malignant_skin_disease#Cutaneous_calcinosis]]
{{ Infobox diagnosis
| Name      = {{PAGENAME}}
| Image      = Calcinosis cutis -- low mag.jpg
| Width      =
| Caption    = Cutaneous calcinosis. [[H&E stain]].
| Synonyms  = cutaneous calcification, calcinosis cutis
| Micro      = dermal calcification - usu. well-circumscribed
| Subtypes  =
| LMDDx      =
| Stains    =
| IHC        =
| EM        =
| Molecular  =
| IF        =
| Gross      = firm nodule
| Grossing  =
| Site      = [[skin]], [[scrotum]]
| Assdx      =
| Syndromes  =
| Clinicalhx = +/-trauma at the site
| Signs      = firm nodule
| Symptoms  =
| Prevalence = uncommon
| Bloodwork  =
| Rads      =
| Endoscopy  =
| Prognosis  = benign
| Other      =
| ClinDDx    =
| Tx        = excision
}}
'''Cutaneous calcinosis''', also '''calcinosis cutis''' and '''cutaneous calcification''', is calcification of the [[skin]]. It is benign in itself; however, the underlying cause may ''not'' be.
 
==General==
*Benign in itself; underlying cause may not be benign.
*May be a [[scrotum|scrotal]] lesion - known as ''scrotal calcinosis''.<ref name=pmid20178701>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Dubey | first1 = S. | last2 = Sharma | first2 = R. | last3 = Maheshwari | first3 = V. | title = Scrotal calcinosis: idiopathic or dystrophic? | journal = Dermatol Online J | volume = 16 | issue = 2 | pages = 5 | month =  | year = 2010 | doi =  | PMID = 20178701 }}</ref>
 
Subtypes:<ref name=emed>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1103137-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1103137-overview]. Accessed on: 21 September 2011.</ref>
#Dystrophic - due to death of cells; may be related to a tumour.
#Metastatic - due to [[chronic renal failure]]; hyperkalemia; paraneoplastic phenomenon.
#Iatrogenic - post surgical.
#Idiopathic.
 
==Gross==
*Firm nodule.
 
==Microscopic==
Features:
*Dermal calcification:
**Acellular purple blobs on [[H&E]].
***+/-Artefactual tearing of surrounding tissue due to processing (cutting).
***+/-Small artefactual lines ~1-2 micrometers due to processing (cutting).
***+/-Greyish rim of paucicellular material.
**Usu. well-circumscribed.
***May be surrounded by a palisading granuloma & [[giant cell]]s.
 
===Images===
<gallery>
Image: Calcinosis cutis -- very low mag.jpg | CC - very low mag.
Image: Calcinosis cutis -- low mag.jpg | CC - low mag.
Image: Calcinosis cutis -- intermed mag.jpg | CC - intermed. mag.
</gallery>
www:
*[http://www.dermatopathonline.com/calcinosis%20cutis2.html Calcinosis cutis (dermatopathonline.com)].
 
==Sign out==
<pre>
SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS LESION, LEFT HIP, EXCISION:
- SUBCUTANEOUS CALCIFICATION SURROUNDED BY BENIGN FIBROUS TISSUE.
- DERMAL SCAR.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
 
<pre>
SUBCUTANEOUS MASS, OVER BURSA OF ELBOW, EXCISION:
- CALCINOSIS CUTIS.
</pre>
 
===Micro===
The sections show calcifications surrounded by macrophages and giant cells. No nuclear atypia is apparent. The overlying epidermis is unremarkable.
 
====Without epidermis====
The sections show dermal/subcutaneous calcifications surrounded by fibrosis, macrophages and giant cells. No nuclear atypia is apparent. Overlying epidermis is absent.
 
==See also==
*[[Non-malignant skin disease]].
*[[Heterotopic ossification]].
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Diagnosis]]
[[Category:Diagnosis]]
[[Category:Non-malignant skin disease]]

Latest revision as of 16:24, 22 February 2017

Cutaneous calcinosis
Diagnosis in short

Cutaneous calcinosis. H&E stain.
Synonyms cutaneous calcification, calcinosis cutis
LM dermal calcification - usu. well-circumscribed
Gross firm nodule
Site skin, scrotum
Clinical history +/-trauma at the site
Signs firm nodule
Prevalence uncommon
Prognosis benign
Treatment excision

Cutaneous calcinosis, also calcinosis cutis and cutaneous calcification, is calcification of the skin. It is benign in itself; however, the underlying cause may not be.

General

  • Benign in itself; underlying cause may not be benign.
  • May be a scrotal lesion - known as scrotal calcinosis.[1]

Subtypes:[2]

  1. Dystrophic - due to death of cells; may be related to a tumour.
  2. Metastatic - due to chronic renal failure; hyperkalemia; paraneoplastic phenomenon.
  3. Iatrogenic - post surgical.
  4. Idiopathic.

Gross

  • Firm nodule.

Microscopic

Features:

  • Dermal calcification:
    • Acellular purple blobs on H&E.
      • +/-Artefactual tearing of surrounding tissue due to processing (cutting).
      • +/-Small artefactual lines ~1-2 micrometers due to processing (cutting).
      • +/-Greyish rim of paucicellular material.
    • Usu. well-circumscribed.
      • May be surrounded by a palisading granuloma & giant cells.

Images

  • CC - very low mag.

  • CC - low mag.

  • CC - intermed. mag.

www:

Sign out

SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS LESION, LEFT HIP, EXCISION:
- SUBCUTANEOUS CALCIFICATION SURROUNDED BY BENIGN FIBROUS TISSUE.
- DERMAL SCAR.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

SUBCUTANEOUS MASS, OVER BURSA OF ELBOW, EXCISION:
- CALCINOSIS CUTIS.

Micro

The sections show calcifications surrounded by macrophages and giant cells. No nuclear atypia is apparent. The overlying epidermis is unremarkable.

Without epidermis

The sections show dermal/subcutaneous calcifications surrounded by fibrosis, macrophages and giant cells. No nuclear atypia is apparent. Overlying epidermis is absent.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Dubey, S.; Sharma, R.; Maheshwari, V. (2010). "Scrotal calcinosis: idiopathic or dystrophic?". Dermatol Online J 16 (2): 5. PMID 20178701.
  2. ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1103137-overview. Accessed on: 21 September 2011.
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