Difference between revisions of "Apoptosis"
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[[Image:Ballooning degeneration high mag cropped.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Apoptosis ([[ballooning degeneration]]) in the [[liver]]. [[H&E stain]]. (WC)]] | |||
'''Apoptosis''' is programmed/controlled cell death. It can be physiologic, i.e. normal, or pathologic. | '''Apoptosis''' is programmed/controlled cell death. It can be physiologic, i.e. normal, or pathologic. | ||
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*Embryogenesis. | *Embryogenesis. | ||
*Endometrium - during mentruation.<ref name=pmid8923873>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kokawa | first1 = K. | last2 = Shikone | first2 = T. | last3 = Nakano | first3 = R. | title = Apoptosis in the human uterine endometrium during the menstrual cycle. | journal = J Clin Endocrinol Metab | volume = 81 | issue = 11 | pages = 4144-7 | month = Nov | year = 1996 | doi = | PMID = 8923873 }}</ref> | *Endometrium - during mentruation.<ref name=pmid8923873>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kokawa | first1 = K. | last2 = Shikone | first2 = T. | last3 = Nakano | first3 = R. | title = Apoptosis in the human uterine endometrium during the menstrual cycle. | journal = J Clin Endocrinol Metab | volume = 81 | issue = 11 | pages = 4144-7 | month = Nov | year = 1996 | doi = | PMID = 8923873 }}</ref> | ||
==Pathologic== | |||
*[[Ulcerative colitis]] - apoptosis increased.<ref name=pmid19958058>{{Cite journal | last1 = Seidelin | first1 = JB. | last2 = Nielsen | first2 = OH. | title = Epithelial apoptosis: cause or consequence of ulcerative colitis? | journal = Scand J Gastroenterol | volume = 44 | issue = 12 | pages = 1429-34 | month = | year = 2009 | doi = 10.3109/00365520903301212 | PMID = 19958058 }}</ref> | |||
==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:06, 3 January 2016
Apoptosis is programmed/controlled cell death. It can be physiologic, i.e. normal, or pathologic.
Physiologic apoptosis
Examples:[1]
- Removal of self reactive lymhocytes.
- Death of cells at the end of their life:
- Neurophils.
- Enterocytes.
- Embryogenesis.
- Endometrium - during mentruation.[2]
Pathologic
- Ulcerative colitis - apoptosis increased.[3]
Microscopic
Features:[4]
- Apoptotic bodies (membrane bound cell fragments) - key feature.
- Cell shrinkage.
- Cytoplasm usu. eosinophilic (pink).
- Lack of inflammation, i.e. neutrophils.
See also
References
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 13. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ Kokawa, K.; Shikone, T.; Nakano, R. (Nov 1996). "Apoptosis in the human uterine endometrium during the menstrual cycle.". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81 (11): 4144-7. PMID 8923873.
- ↑ Seidelin, JB.; Nielsen, OH. (2009). "Epithelial apoptosis: cause or consequence of ulcerative colitis?". Scand J Gastroenterol 44 (12): 1429-34. doi:10.3109/00365520903301212. PMID 19958058.
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 4. ISBN 978-1416054542.