Pediatric pathology - Revision history

Michael at 05:54, 12 January 2015

2015-01-12T05:54:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:54, 12 January 2015
Line 1:		Line 1:
			[[Image:Wilms tumor.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|[[Gross pathology\|Gross]] image of a [[Wilms tumour]], a tumour common in pediatric pathology. (WC/AFIP)]]
	The article deals with '''paediatric pathology''', which is quite different than adult pathology. Many diseases that afflict children are uncommon or unheard of in adults.		The article deals with '''paediatric pathology''', which is quite different than adult pathology. Many diseases that afflict children are uncommon or unheard of in adults.

Michael: /* Juvenile xanthogranuloma */

2013-06-06T16:09:27Z

Juvenile xanthogranuloma

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:09, 6 June 2013
Line 153:		Line 153:
	{{Main\|Dermatopathology}}		{{Main\|Dermatopathology}}
	==Juvenile xanthogranuloma==		==Juvenile xanthogranuloma==
	*Abbreviated as ''JXG''.		{{Main\|Juvenile xanthogranuloma}}
	*[[AKA]] nevoxanthoendothelioma.
	*In adults: ''adult xanthogranuloma''.<ref name=Ref_Derm622>{{Ref Derm\|622}}</ref>
	~~===General===~~
	*Usually in children and infants, may be in adults.<ref name=Ref_Derm622>{{Ref Derm\|622}}</ref>
	*Most common form of non–Langerhans cell histiocytosis.<ref name=emed_jxg>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1111629-diagnosis http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1111629-diagnosis]. Accessed on: 3 February 2011.</ref>
	*Can rarely be found in the brain.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case245/dx.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case245/dx.html]. Accessed on: 13 January 2012.</ref>

	~~===Microscopic===~~
	~~Features:<ref name=emed_jxg>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1111629-diagnosis http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1111629-diagnosis]. Accessed on: 3 February 2011.</ref>~~
	*Dermal histiocytes:
	**Abundant cytoplasm - may not be xanthomatous/foam cells.
	*+/-Touton [[giant cell]] - '''key feature'''.
	**Large multi-nucleated cells where nuclei are distributed at the cell periphery.

	~~DDx:~~
	*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
	*[[Spitz nevus]] - uncommon; reported to have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>
	*[[Dermatofibroma]], aneurysmal - has Touton [[giant cell]]s and hemosiderin deposition.

	~~Notes:~~
	*Must prove they are non-Langerhans cell histiocytes, esp. if no Touton giant cells.

	~~====Images====~~
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~Image:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_intermed_mag.jpg \| Juvenile xanthogranuloma - intermed. mag. (WC)~~
	~~Image:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg \| Touton giant cells in a juvenile xanthogranuloma - very high mag. (WC)~~
	~~</gallery>~~
	~~===IHC===~~
	~~Features:<ref name=emed_jxg/>~~
	*Langerhans cell markers: CD1a, CD207 -- both should be negative.
	**If Touton giant cells are absent -- this is essential.
	*Histiocyte markers: CD68, CD163 -- both should be positive.
	*Vimentin +ve.

	Other markers:<ref name=pmid11285404>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Kraus \| first1 = MD. \| last2 = Haley \| first2 = JC. \| last3 = Ruiz \| first3 = R. \| last4 = Essary \| first4 = L. \| last5 = Moran \| first5 = CA. \| last6 = Fletcher \| first6 = CD. \| title = Juvenile xanthogranuloma: an immunophenotypic study with a reappraisal of histogenesis. \| journal = Am J Dermatopathol \| volume = 23 \| issue = 2 \| pages = 104-11 \| month = Apr \| year = 2001 \| doi = \| PMID = 11285404 }}</ref>
	*CD4 +ve (21 of 27 cases).
	*CD45 +ve (25 of 27 cases).
	*Factor XIIIa +ve (25 of 27 cases).

	~~Negatives:<ref name=pmid9790615>~~{{~~cite journal \|author=Thomas DB, Sidler AK, Huston BM~~ \|~~title=Radiological case of the month.~~ Juvenile xanthogranuloma ~~\|journal=Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med \|volume=152 \|issue=10 \|pages=1029–30 \|year=1998 \|month=October \|pmid=9790615 \|doi= \|url=http://archpedi.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/152/10/1029~~}}~~</ref>~~
	*Muscle markers: actin, desmin.
	*Others: S100, factor VIII, cytokeratins.

	~~===Sign out===~~
	~~<pre>~~
	~~SKIN LESION, CHIN, BIOPSY:~~
	~~- JUVENILE XANTHOGRANULOMA.~~
	~~</pre>~~

	=Soft tissue lesions=		=Soft tissue lesions=

Michael: /* Juvenile xanthogranuloma */

2013-06-06T15:52:49Z

Juvenile xanthogranuloma

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:52, 6 June 2013
Line 176:		Line 176:
	*Must prove they are non-Langerhans cell histiocytes, esp. if no Touton giant cells.		*Must prove they are non-Langerhans cell histiocytes, esp. if no Touton giant cells.

	Images:		====Images====
	*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_intermed_mag.jpg Juvenile xanthogranuloma - intermed. mag. (WC)].		<gallery>
	*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg Touton giant cells in a juvenile xanthogranuloma - very high mag. (WC)].		Image:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_intermed_mag.jpg \| Juvenile xanthogranuloma - intermed. mag. (WC)
			Image:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg \| Touton giant cells in a juvenile xanthogranuloma - very high mag. (WC)
			</gallery>
	===IHC===		===IHC===
	Features:<ref name=emed_jxg/>		Features:<ref name=emed_jxg/>
Line 186:		Line 187:
	*Histiocyte markers: CD68, CD163 -- both should be positive.		*Histiocyte markers: CD68, CD163 -- both should be positive.
	*Vimentin +ve.		*Vimentin +ve.

			Other markers:<ref name=pmid11285404>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Kraus \| first1 = MD. \| last2 = Haley \| first2 = JC. \| last3 = Ruiz \| first3 = R. \| last4 = Essary \| first4 = L. \| last5 = Moran \| first5 = CA. \| last6 = Fletcher \| first6 = CD. \| title = Juvenile xanthogranuloma: an immunophenotypic study with a reappraisal of histogenesis. \| journal = Am J Dermatopathol \| volume = 23 \| issue = 2 \| pages = 104-11 \| month = Apr \| year = 2001 \| doi = \| PMID = 11285404 }}</ref>
			*CD4 +ve (21 of 27 cases).
			*CD45 +ve (25 of 27 cases).
			*Factor XIIIa +ve (25 of 27 cases).

	Negatives:<ref name=pmid9790615>{{cite journal \|author=Thomas DB, Sidler AK, Huston BM \|title=Radiological case of the month. Juvenile xanthogranuloma \|journal=Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med \|volume=152 \|issue=10 \|pages=1029–30 \|year=1998 \|month=October \|pmid=9790615 \|doi= \|url=http://archpedi.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/152/10/1029}}</ref>		Negatives:<ref name=pmid9790615>{{cite journal \|author=Thomas DB, Sidler AK, Huston BM \|title=Radiological case of the month. Juvenile xanthogranuloma \|journal=Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med \|volume=152 \|issue=10 \|pages=1029–30 \|year=1998 \|month=October \|pmid=9790615 \|doi= \|url=http://archpedi.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/152/10/1029}}</ref>

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2013-06-04T16:28:46Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:28, 4 June 2013
Line 171:		Line 171:
	*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].		*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
	*[[Spitz nevus]] - uncommon; reported to have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>		*[[Spitz nevus]] - uncommon; reported to have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>
	*[[Dermatofibroma]], aneurysmal - has Touton giant ~~cells~~.		*[[Dermatofibroma]], aneurysmal - has Touton [[giant cell]]s and hemosiderin deposition.

	Notes:		Notes:

Michael: /* Microscopic */ touton

2013-06-04T16:08:01Z

Microscopic: touton

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:08, 4 June 2013
Line 171:		Line 171:
	*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].		*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
	*[[Spitz nevus]] - uncommon; reported to have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>		*[[Spitz nevus]] - uncommon; reported to have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>
			*[[Dermatofibroma]], aneurysmal - has Touton giant cells.

	Notes:		Notes:

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2013-06-04T13:23:11Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:23, 4 June 2013
Line 170:		Line 170:
	DDx:		DDx:
	*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].		*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
	*Melanocytic lesions.		*[[Spitz nevus]] - uncommon; reported to have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>
	**[[Spitz nevus]] ~~may~~ have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>

	Notes:		Notes:

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2013-06-04T13:20:24Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:20, 4 June 2013
Line 170:		Line 170:
	DDx:		DDx:
	*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].		*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
			*Melanocytic lesions.
			**[[Spitz nevus]] may have Touton cells.<ref name=pmid18312437>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guitart \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Gerami \| first2 = P. \| title = Touton-like giant cells in a Spitz's nevus. \| journal = J Cutan Pathol \| volume = 35 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 694-5 \| month = Jul \| year = 2008 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00877.x \| PMID = 18312437 }}</ref>

	Notes:		Notes:

Michael: /* Juvenile xanthogranuloma */ +SO

2013-02-26T21:15:59Z

Juvenile xanthogranuloma: +SO

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:15, 26 February 2013
Line 188:		Line 188:
	*Muscle markers: actin, desmin.		*Muscle markers: actin, desmin.
	*Others: S100, factor VIII, cytokeratins.		*Others: S100, factor VIII, cytokeratins.

			===Sign out===
			<pre>
			SKIN LESION, CHIN, BIOPSY:
			- JUVENILE XANTHOGRANULOMA.
			</pre>

	=Soft tissue lesions=		=Soft tissue lesions=

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2013-02-21T16:29:18Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:29, 21 February 2013
Line 175:		Line 175:

	Images:		Images:
	*[http://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/dermatology/DPT/Hist%5CJXG003.jpg JXG (uiowa.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/dermatology/DPT/Path-Index.htm http://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/dermatology/DPT/Path-Index.htm]. Accessed on: 3 February 2011.</ref>
	*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_intermed_mag.jpg Juvenile xanthogranuloma - intermed. mag. (WC)].		*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_intermed_mag.jpg Juvenile xanthogranuloma - intermed. mag. (WC)].
	*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg Touton giant cells in a juvenile xanthogranuloma - very high mag. (WC)].		*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg Touton giant cells in a juvenile xanthogranuloma - very high mag. (WC)].

Michael: /* Gastrointestinal pathology */

2013-02-04T03:41:12Z

Gastrointestinal pathology

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:41, 4 February 2013
Line 29:		Line 29:

	Among others, things discussed include:		Among others, things discussed include:
	*Cystic fibrosis.		*[[Cystic fibrosis]].
	*Aganglionosis (Hirschsprung disease).		*[[Aganglionosis]] (Hirschsprung disease).
	*Meconium peritonitis.		*[[Meconium peritonitis]].
	*[[Necrotizing enterocolitis]].		*[[Necrotizing enterocolitis]].