Mixed germ cell tumour - Revision history

Michael: /* IHC */

2016-08-02T02:21:06Z

IHC

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:21, 2 August 2016
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	==IHC==		==IHC==
	*Immunostains are useful for differentiating components, e.g. yolk sac tumour versus [[embryonal carcinoma]].		*Immunostains are useful for differentiating components, e.g. [[yolk sac tumour]] versus [[embryonal carcinoma]].

	Looking for elements		Looking for elements
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	*OCT4 +ve -- [[seminoma]].		*OCT4 +ve -- [[seminoma]].
	*D2-40 +ve -- seminoma, useful for [[LVI]].		*D2-40 +ve -- seminoma, useful for [[LVI]].
	*Pankeratin +ve -- embryonal carcinoma.		*[[Pankeratin]] +ve -- embryonal carcinoma.
	*CEA-M.		*CEA-M.
	*[[EMA]] +ve -- metastatic carcinoma.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Shek \| first1 = TW. \| last2 = Yuen \| first2 = ST. \| last3 = Luk \| first3 = IS. \| last4 = Wong \| first4 = MP. \| title = Germ cell tumour as a diagnostic pitfall of metastatic carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 223-5 \| month = Mar \| year = 1996 \| doi = \| PMID = 8675733 }}</ref>		*[[EMA]] +ve -- metastatic carcinoma.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Shek \| first1 = TW. \| last2 = Yuen \| first2 = ST. \| last3 = Luk \| first3 = IS. \| last4 = Wong \| first4 = MP. \| title = Germ cell tumour as a diagnostic pitfall of metastatic carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 223-5 \| month = Mar \| year = 1996 \| doi = \| PMID = 8675733 }}</ref>
	*Vimentin.		*[[Vimentin]].
	*Glypican 3 +ve -- [[yolk sac tumour]].		*[[Glypican 3]] +ve -- [[yolk sac tumour]].
	**Others: A1A +ve -- yolk sac tumour, AFP +ve -- yolk sac tumour.		**Others: A1A +ve -- yolk sac tumour, AFP +ve -- yolk sac tumour.

Michael at 20:57, 26 April 2016

2016-04-26T20:57:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:57, 26 April 2016
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	\| IF =		\| IF =
	\| Gross = heterogeneous appearance, typically solid and cystic		\| Gross = heterogeneous appearance, typically solid and cystic
	\| Grossing = [[~~Orchiectomy~~ grossing]]		\| Grossing = [[orchiectomy grossing]]
	\| Staging = [[~~Testicular~~ cancer staging]]		\| Staging = [[testicular cancer staging]]
	\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other		\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other
	\| Assdx =		\| Assdx =

Michael at 20:55, 26 April 2016

2016-04-26T20:55:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:55, 26 April 2016
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	\| IF =		\| IF =
	\| Gross = heterogeneous appearance, typically solid and cystic		\| Gross = heterogeneous appearance, typically solid and cystic
	\| Grossing = [[~~orchiectomy~~]]		\| Grossing = [[Orchiectomy grossing]]
			\| Staging = [[Testicular cancer staging]]
	\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other		\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other
	\| Assdx =		\| Assdx =

Michael: /* Gross */

2015-09-30T00:44:10Z

Gross

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:44, 30 September 2015
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	*Heterogeneous appearance - distinctive regions that look different from one another.		*Heterogeneous appearance - distinctive regions that look different from one another.
	*Typically solid and cystic.		*Typically solid and cystic.

			===Images===
			<gallery>
			Image:Mixed_Germ_Cell_Tumor_of_Testis_(3260625567).jpg \| Mixed germ cell tumour. (WC/euthman)
			</gallery>

	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==

Michael at 21:56, 29 September 2015

2015-09-29T21:56:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:56, 29 September 2015
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	\| Symptoms =		\| Symptoms =
	\| Prevalence = most common germ cell tumour		\| Prevalence = most common germ cell tumour
	\| Bloodwork = +/-AFP elevated, +/-beta-hCG elevated, +/-LDH elevated		\| Bloodwork = +/-[[AFP]] elevated, +/-beta-hCG elevated, +/-LDH elevated
	\| Rads =		\| Rads =
	\| Endoscopy =		\| Endoscopy =
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	Looking for elements		Looking for elements
	*Beta-hCG +ve - if syncytiotrophoblasts are present.		*Beta-hCG +ve - if syncytiotrophoblasts are present.
	*AFP +ve (or Glypican 3 +ve) - a yolk sac tumour component is present.		*[[AFP]] +ve (or Glypican 3 +ve) - a yolk sac tumour component is present.
	*GFAP +ve - if neuroepithelium is present.		*GFAP +ve - if neuroepithelium is present.

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	*Pankeratin +ve -- embryonal carcinoma.		*Pankeratin +ve -- embryonal carcinoma.
	*CEA-M.		*CEA-M.
	*EMA +ve -- metastatic carcinoma.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Shek \| first1 = TW. \| last2 = Yuen \| first2 = ST. \| last3 = Luk \| first3 = IS. \| last4 = Wong \| first4 = MP. \| title = Germ cell tumour as a diagnostic pitfall of metastatic carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 223-5 \| month = Mar \| year = 1996 \| doi = \| PMID = 8675733 }}</ref>		*[[EMA]] +ve -- metastatic carcinoma.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Shek \| first1 = TW. \| last2 = Yuen \| first2 = ST. \| last3 = Luk \| first3 = IS. \| last4 = Wong \| first4 = MP. \| title = Germ cell tumour as a diagnostic pitfall of metastatic carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 223-5 \| month = Mar \| year = 1996 \| doi = \| PMID = 8675733 }}</ref>
	*Vimentin.		*Vimentin.
	*Glypican 3 +ve -- [[yolk sac tumour]].		*Glypican 3 +ve -- [[yolk sac tumour]].

Michael: /* IHC */

2014-11-15T06:30:31Z

IHC

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:30, 15 November 2014
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	==IHC==		==IHC==
			*Immunostains are useful for differentiating components, e.g. yolk sac tumour versus [[embryonal carcinoma]].

			Looking for elements
	*Beta-hCG +ve - if syncytiotrophoblasts are present.		*Beta-hCG +ve - if syncytiotrophoblasts are present.
	*AFP +ve - a yolk sac tumour component is present.		*AFP +ve (or Glypican 3 +ve) - a yolk sac tumour component is present.
	*GFAP +ve - if neuroepithelium is present.		*GFAP +ve - if neuroepithelium is present.

	A panel:		A panel:
	*PLAP.
	*CD30 +ve -- [[embryonal carcinoma]].		*CD30 +ve -- [[embryonal carcinoma]].
	*~~CD117~~ +ve -- [[seminoma]].		*OCT4 +ve -- [[seminoma]].
	*D2-40 +ve -- seminoma, useful for [[LVI]].		*D2-40 +ve -- seminoma, useful for [[LVI]].
	*Pankeratin +ve -- embryonal carcinoma.		*Pankeratin +ve -- embryonal carcinoma.
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	*EMA +ve -- metastatic carcinoma.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Shek \| first1 = TW. \| last2 = Yuen \| first2 = ST. \| last3 = Luk \| first3 = IS. \| last4 = Wong \| first4 = MP. \| title = Germ cell tumour as a diagnostic pitfall of metastatic carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 223-5 \| month = Mar \| year = 1996 \| doi = \| PMID = 8675733 }}</ref>		*EMA +ve -- metastatic carcinoma.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Shek \| first1 = TW. \| last2 = Yuen \| first2 = ST. \| last3 = Luk \| first3 = IS. \| last4 = Wong \| first4 = MP. \| title = Germ cell tumour as a diagnostic pitfall of metastatic carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 49 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 223-5 \| month = Mar \| year = 1996 \| doi = \| PMID = 8675733 }}</ref>
	*Vimentin.		*Vimentin.
	*~~AFP~~ +ve -- [[yolk sac tumour]].		*Glypican 3 +ve -- [[yolk sac tumour]].
	*A1A +ve -- yolk sac tumour.		**Others: A1A +ve -- yolk sac tumour, AFP +ve -- yolk sac tumour.

	==Sign out==		==Sign out==

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2014-11-15T06:26:45Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:26, 15 November 2014
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	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==
	Features:		Features:
	*Depends on components ~~- see ''~~[[~~seminoma~~]]~~'', ''~~[[~~yolk~~ sac tumour]]'', ''[[~~embryonal~~ carcinoma]]~~'', ''~~[[~~choriocarcinoma~~]]'' and ''[[~~teratoma~~]]''.		*Depends on the components.
			*Classic appearances:
			**[[Seminoma]]: fried egg-like" cells with lymphocytes.
			**[[Yolk sac tumour]]: edematous appearing/paucicellular regions, Schiller-Duval bodies.
			**[[Embryonal carcinoma]]: moderate-to-marked [[nuclear atypia]] with overlapping nuclei and usu. necrosis.
			**[[Teratoma]]: cysts with GI like epithelium, cysts with squamous epithelium & keratin (skin), immature cartilage, others.
			**[[Choriocarcinoma]]: hemorrhagic, multinucleated cells (syncytiotrophoblasts) and cells with pale cytoplasm (cytotrophoblasts).

	Notes:		Notes:

Michael at 16:57, 14 November 2014

2014-11-14T16:57:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 14 November 2014
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	\| Molecular =		\| Molecular =
	\| IF =		\| IF =
	\| Gross =		\| Gross = heterogeneous appearance, typically solid and cystic
	\| Grossing = [[orchiectomy]]		\| Grossing = [[orchiectomy]]
	\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other		\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other
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	*† Numbers vary between sources. One series suggests it is almost 70%.<ref name=pmid15017200>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Mosharafa \| first1 = AA. \| last2 = Foster \| first2 = RS. \| last3 = Leibovich \| first3 = BC. \| last4 = Ulbright \| first4 = TM. \| last5 = Bihrle \| first5 = R. \| last6 = Einhorn \| first6 = LH. \| last7 = Donohue \| first7 = JP. \| title = Histology in mixed germ cell tumors. Is there a favorite pairing? \| journal = J Urol \| volume = 171 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 1471-3 \| month = Apr \| year = 2004 \| doi = 10.1097/01.ju.0000116841.30826.85 \| PMID = 15017200 }}</ref>		*† Numbers vary between sources. One series suggests it is almost 70%.<ref name=pmid15017200>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Mosharafa \| first1 = AA. \| last2 = Foster \| first2 = RS. \| last3 = Leibovich \| first3 = BC. \| last4 = Ulbright \| first4 = TM. \| last5 = Bihrle \| first5 = R. \| last6 = Einhorn \| first6 = LH. \| last7 = Donohue \| first7 = JP. \| title = Histology in mixed germ cell tumors. Is there a favorite pairing? \| journal = J Urol \| volume = 171 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 1471-3 \| month = Apr \| year = 2004 \| doi = 10.1097/01.ju.0000116841.30826.85 \| PMID = 15017200 }}</ref>
	*There has been in increase in MGCTs over the past 20 years that is probably due to changes how in how [[germ cell tumours\|GCT]]s are classified.<ref name=pmid21623833>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Trabert \| first1 = B. \| last2 = Stang \| first2 = A. \| last3 = Cook \| first3 = MB. \| last4 = Rusner \| first4 = C. \| last5 = McGlynn \| first5 = KA. \| title = Impact of classification of mixed germ-cell tumours on incidence trends of non-seminoma. \| journal = Int J Androl \| volume = 34 \| issue = 4 Pt 2 \| pages = e274-7 \| month = Aug \| year = 2011 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01187.x \| PMID = 21623833 }}</ref>		*There has been in increase in MGCTs over the past 20 years that is probably due to changes how in how [[germ cell tumours\|GCT]]s are classified.<ref name=pmid21623833>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Trabert \| first1 = B. \| last2 = Stang \| first2 = A. \| last3 = Cook \| first3 = MB. \| last4 = Rusner \| first4 = C. \| last5 = McGlynn \| first5 = KA. \| title = Impact of classification of mixed germ-cell tumours on incidence trends of non-seminoma. \| journal = Int J Androl \| volume = 34 \| issue = 4 Pt 2 \| pages = e274-7 \| month = Aug \| year = 2011 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01187.x \| PMID = 21623833 }}</ref>

			==Gross==
			*Heterogeneous appearance - distinctive regions that look different from one another.
			*Typically solid and cystic.

	==Microscopic==		==Microscopic==
	Features:		Features:
	*Depends on components.		*Depends on components - see ''[[seminoma]]'', ''[[yolk sac tumour]]'', ''[[embryonal carcinoma]]'', ''[[choriocarcinoma]]'' and ''[[teratoma]]''.

	Notes:		Notes:

Michael: /* Sign out */

2014-08-19T23:32:25Z

Sign out

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:32, 19 August 2014
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	<pre>		<pre>
	TESTIS, RIGHT, ORCHIECTOMY:		TESTIS, RIGHT, ORCHIECTOMY:
	- MIXED GERM CELL TUMOUR, pT1 pNx:		- MALIGNANT MIXED GERM CELL TUMOUR, pT1 pNx:
	-- 80% OF TUMOUR TERATOMA.		-- 80% OF TUMOUR TERATOMA.
	-- 20% OF TUMOUR SEMINOMA.		-- 20% OF TUMOUR SEMINOMA.

Michael at 00:38, 14 August 2014

2014-08-14T00:38:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:38, 14 August 2014
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	\| IF =		\| IF =
	\| Gross =		\| Gross =
	\| Grossing =		\| Grossing = [[orchiectomy]]
	\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other		\| Site = [[ovary]], [[testis]], [[mediastinum]], other
	\| Assdx =		\| Assdx =