Lynch syndrome - Revision history

Michael: /* Associations */

2016-03-13T20:49:39Z

Associations

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:49, 13 March 2016
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	*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].		*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].
	*[[Endometrial carcinoma]].		*[[Endometrial carcinoma]].
			**Morphologic features are not [[sensitivity\|sensitive]] - IHC required.
	**Non-endometrioid [[endometrial carcinoma]],<ref name=pmid20396392>{{cite journal \|author=Okuda T, Sekizawa A, Purwosunu Y, ''et al.'' \|title=Genetics of endometrial cancers \|journal=Obstet Gynecol Int \|volume=2010 \|issue= \|pages=984013 \|year=2010 \|pmid=20396392 \|pmc=2852605 \|doi=10.1155/2010/984013 \|url=}}</ref> e.g. [[endometrial clear cell carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid19638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 \| url = http://jcp.bmj.com/content/62/8/679.long }}</ref>		**Non-endometrioid [[endometrial carcinoma]],<ref name=pmid20396392>{{cite journal \|author=Okuda T, Sekizawa A, Purwosunu Y, ''et al.'' \|title=Genetics of endometrial cancers \|journal=Obstet Gynecol Int \|volume=2010 \|issue= \|pages=984013 \|year=2010 \|pmid=20396392 \|pmc=2852605 \|doi=10.1155/2010/984013 \|url=}}</ref> e.g. [[endometrial clear cell carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid19638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 \| url = http://jcp.bmj.com/content/62/8/679.long }}</ref>
	**[[Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid11873308>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Lax \| first1 = SF. \| title = [Dualistic model of molecular pathogenesis in endometrial carcinoma]. \| journal = Zentralbl Gynakol \| volume = 124 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 10-6 \| month = Jan \| year = 2002 \| doi = 10.1055/s-2002-20303 \| PMID = 11873308 }}</ref>		**[[Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid11873308>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Lax \| first1 = SF. \| title = [Dualistic model of molecular pathogenesis in endometrial carcinoma]. \| journal = Zentralbl Gynakol \| volume = 124 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 10-6 \| month = Jan \| year = 2002 \| doi = 10.1055/s-2002-20303 \| PMID = 11873308 }}</ref>

Michael: /* Genes */

2016-03-13T20:44:52Z

Genes

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:44, 13 March 2016
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	*MLH1 gene<ref name=OMIM120436>{{OMIM\|120436}}</ref> - second most common.		*MLH1 gene<ref name=OMIM120436>{{OMIM\|120436}}</ref> - second most common.
	*PMS2 gene.<ref name=OMIM600259>{{OMIM\|600259}}</ref>		*PMS2 gene.<ref name=OMIM600259>{{OMIM\|600259}}</ref>
	*MSH6 gene.<ref name=OMIM600678>{{OMIM\|600678}}</ref>		*MSH6 gene<ref name=OMIM600678>{{OMIM\|600678}}</ref> - tend to present in older individuals compared to individuals with MLH1 or MSH2 mutations.<ref name=pmid24056992>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Stewart \| first1 = A. \| title = Genetic testing strategies in newly diagnosed endometrial cancer patients aimed at reducing morbidity or mortality from lynch syndrome in the index case or her relatives. \| journal = PLoS Curr \| volume = 5 \| issue = \| pages = \| month = \| year = 2013 \| doi = 10.1371/currents.eogt.b59a6e84f27c536e50db4e46aa26309c \| PMID = 24056992 }}</ref>
	*Others.		*Others.

	===Associations===		===Associations===
	*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].		*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].

Michael at 05:52, 12 August 2014

2014-08-12T05:52:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:52, 12 August 2014
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	[[Image:Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes - 2 -- very high mag.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Micrograph]] showing [[tumour infiltrating lymphocytes]], a finding seen in Lynch syndrome.]]		[[Image:Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes - 2 -- very high mag.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|\|[[Micrograph]] showing [[tumour infiltrating lymphocytes]], a finding seen in Lynch syndrome.]]
	'''Lynch syndrome''', also '''hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome''' (abbreviated '''HNPCC'''), is a constellation of clinical findings caused by a mutation in a mismatch repair gene, of which there are several.<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>		'''Lynch syndrome''', also '''hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome''' (abbreviated '''HNPCC'''), is a constellation of clinical findings caused by a mutation in a mismatch repair gene, of which there are several.<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>

Michael at 05:19, 12 August 2014

2014-08-12T05:19:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:19, 12 August 2014
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	**Papillary lesions > flat lesions.<ref name=pmid12673555>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hartmann \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Dietmaier \| first2 = W. \| last3 = Hofstädter \| first3 = F. \| last4 = Burgart \| first4 = LJ. \| last5 = Cheville \| first5 = JC. \| last6 = Blaszyk \| first6 = H. \| title = Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: inverted growth pattern is predictive of microsatellite instability. \| journal = Hum Pathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 222-7 \| month = Mar \| year = 2003 \| doi = 10.1053/hupa.2003.22 \| PMID = 12673555 }}</ref>		**Papillary lesions > flat lesions.<ref name=pmid12673555>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hartmann \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Dietmaier \| first2 = W. \| last3 = Hofstädter \| first3 = F. \| last4 = Burgart \| first4 = LJ. \| last5 = Cheville \| first5 = JC. \| last6 = Blaszyk \| first6 = H. \| title = Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: inverted growth pattern is predictive of microsatellite instability. \| journal = Hum Pathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 222-7 \| month = Mar \| year = 2003 \| doi = 10.1053/hupa.2003.22 \| PMID = 12673555 }}</ref>
	**Extensive inverted growth pattern suggestive of MSI.<ref name=pmid12673555/>		**Extensive inverted growth pattern suggestive of MSI.<ref name=pmid12673555/>
	**''MSH2'' mutations have an increased risk of urothelial carcinoma relative to MLH1 and MSH6 mutations.<ref name=pmid20591884>{{Cite journal \| last1 = van der Post \| first1 = RS. \| last2 = Kiemeney \| first2 = LA. \| last3 = Ligtenberg \| first3 = MJ. \| last4 = Witjes \| first4 = JA. \| last5 = Hulsbergen-van de Kaa \| first5 = CA. \| last6 = Bodmer \| first6 = D. \| last7 = Schaap \| first7 = L. \| last8 = Kets \| first8 = CM. \| last9 = van Krieken \| first9 = JH. \| title = Risk of urothelial bladder cancer in Lynch syndrome is increased, in particular among MSH2 mutation carriers. \| journal = J Med Genet \| volume = 47 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 464-70 \| month = Jul \| year = 2010 \| doi = 10.1136/jmg.2010.076992 \| PMID = 20591884 }}</ref>		**MSH2 mutations have an increased risk of urothelial carcinoma relative to MLH1 and MSH6 mutations.<ref name=pmid20591884>{{Cite journal \| last1 = van der Post \| first1 = RS. \| last2 = Kiemeney \| first2 = LA. \| last3 = Ligtenberg \| first3 = MJ. \| last4 = Witjes \| first4 = JA. \| last5 = Hulsbergen-van de Kaa \| first5 = CA. \| last6 = Bodmer \| first6 = D. \| last7 = Schaap \| first7 = L. \| last8 = Kets \| first8 = CM. \| last9 = van Krieken \| first9 = JH. \| title = Risk of urothelial bladder cancer in Lynch syndrome is increased, in particular among MSH2 mutation carriers. \| journal = J Med Genet \| volume = 47 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 464-70 \| month = Jul \| year = 2010 \| doi = 10.1136/jmg.2010.076992 \| PMID = 20591884 }}</ref>

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Michael: /* Associations */

2014-08-12T05:13:01Z

Associations

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:13, 12 August 2014
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	**Papillary lesions > flat lesions.<ref name=pmid12673555>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hartmann \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Dietmaier \| first2 = W. \| last3 = Hofstädter \| first3 = F. \| last4 = Burgart \| first4 = LJ. \| last5 = Cheville \| first5 = JC. \| last6 = Blaszyk \| first6 = H. \| title = Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: inverted growth pattern is predictive of microsatellite instability. \| journal = Hum Pathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 222-7 \| month = Mar \| year = 2003 \| doi = 10.1053/hupa.2003.22 \| PMID = 12673555 }}</ref>		**Papillary lesions > flat lesions.<ref name=pmid12673555>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hartmann \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Dietmaier \| first2 = W. \| last3 = Hofstädter \| first3 = F. \| last4 = Burgart \| first4 = LJ. \| last5 = Cheville \| first5 = JC. \| last6 = Blaszyk \| first6 = H. \| title = Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: inverted growth pattern is predictive of microsatellite instability. \| journal = Hum Pathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 222-7 \| month = Mar \| year = 2003 \| doi = 10.1053/hupa.2003.22 \| PMID = 12673555 }}</ref>
	**Extensive inverted growth pattern suggestive of MSI.<ref name=pmid12673555/>		**Extensive inverted growth pattern suggestive of MSI.<ref name=pmid12673555/>
			**''MSH2'' mutations have an increased risk of urothelial carcinoma relative to MLH1 and MSH6 mutations.<ref name=pmid20591884>{{Cite journal \| last1 = van der Post \| first1 = RS. \| last2 = Kiemeney \| first2 = LA. \| last3 = Ligtenberg \| first3 = MJ. \| last4 = Witjes \| first4 = JA. \| last5 = Hulsbergen-van de Kaa \| first5 = CA. \| last6 = Bodmer \| first6 = D. \| last7 = Schaap \| first7 = L. \| last8 = Kets \| first8 = CM. \| last9 = van Krieken \| first9 = JH. \| title = Risk of urothelial bladder cancer in Lynch syndrome is increased, in particular among MSH2 mutation carriers. \| journal = J Med Genet \| volume = 47 \| issue = 7 \| pages = 464-70 \| month = Jul \| year = 2010 \| doi = 10.1136/jmg.2010.076992 \| PMID = 20591884 }}</ref>

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Michael: fix

2014-07-15T18:22:56Z

fix

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:22, 15 July 2014
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	[[Image~~:File~~:Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes - 2 -- very high mag.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Micrograph]] showing [[tumour infiltrating lymphocytes]], a finding seen in Lynch syndrome.]]		[[Image:Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes - 2 -- very high mag.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Micrograph]] showing [[tumour infiltrating lymphocytes]], a finding seen in Lynch syndrome.]]
	'''Lynch syndrome''', also '''hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome''' (abbreviated '''HNPCC'''), is a constellation of clinical findings caused by a mutation in a mismatch repair gene, of which there are several.<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>		'''Lynch syndrome''', also '''hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome''' (abbreviated '''HNPCC'''), is a constellation of clinical findings caused by a mutation in a mismatch repair gene, of which there are several.<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>

Michael at 18:22, 15 July 2014

2014-07-15T18:22:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:22, 15 July 2014
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			[[Image:File:Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes - 2 -- very high mag.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Micrograph]] showing [[tumour infiltrating lymphocytes]], a finding seen in Lynch syndrome.]]
	'''Lynch syndrome''', also '''hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome''' (abbreviated '''HNPCC'''), is a constellation of clinical findings caused by a mutation in a mismatch repair gene, of which there are several.<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>		'''Lynch syndrome''', also '''hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome''' (abbreviated '''HNPCC'''), is a constellation of clinical findings caused by a mutation in a mismatch repair gene, of which there are several.<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>

Michael: /* Associations */

2014-01-23T00:48:11Z

Associations

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:48, 23 January 2014
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	===Associations===		===Associations===
	*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].		*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].
	*Non-endometrioid [[endometrial carcinoma]],<ref name=pmid20396392>{{cite journal \|author=Okuda T, Sekizawa A, Purwosunu Y, ''et al.'' \|title=Genetics of endometrial cancers \|journal=Obstet Gynecol Int \|volume=2010 \|issue= \|pages=984013 \|year=2010 \|pmid=20396392 \|pmc=2852605 \|doi=10.1155/2010/984013 \|url=}}</ref> e.g. [[endometrial clear cell carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid19638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 \| url = http://jcp.bmj.com/content/62/8/679.long }}</ref>		*[[Endometrial carcinoma]].
			**Non-endometrioid [[endometrial carcinoma]],<ref name=pmid20396392>{{cite journal \|author=Okuda T, Sekizawa A, Purwosunu Y, ''et al.'' \|title=Genetics of endometrial cancers \|journal=Obstet Gynecol Int \|volume=2010 \|issue= \|pages=984013 \|year=2010 \|pmid=20396392 \|pmc=2852605 \|doi=10.1155/2010/984013 \|url=}}</ref> e.g. [[endometrial clear cell carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid19638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 \| url = http://jcp.bmj.com/content/62/8/679.long }}</ref>
			**[[Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid11873308>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Lax \| first1 = SF. \| title = [Dualistic model of molecular pathogenesis in endometrial carcinoma]. \| journal = Zentralbl Gynakol \| volume = 124 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 10-6 \| month = Jan \| year = 2002 \| doi = 10.1055/s-2002-20303 \| PMID = 11873308 }}</ref>
	**Suggestive features: lower uterine segment, [[tumour infiltrating lymphocytes]].<ref name=pmid9638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 }}</ref>		**Suggestive features: lower uterine segment, [[tumour infiltrating lymphocytes]].<ref name=pmid9638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 }}</ref>
	*[[Stomach carcinoma]],<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref> intestinal-type.<ref name=pmid3581033>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Cristofaro \| first1 = G. \| last2 = Lynch \| first2 = HT. \| last3 = Caruso \| first3 = ML. \| last4 = Attolini \| first4 = A. \| last5 = DiMatteo \| first5 = G. \| last6 = Giorgio \| first6 = P. \| last7 = Senatore \| first7 = S. \| last8 = Argentieri \| first8 = A. \| last9 = Sbano \| first9 = E. \| title = New phenotypic aspects in a family with Lynch syndrome II. \| journal = Cancer \| volume = 60 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 51-8 \| month = Jul \| year = 1987 \| doi = \| PMID = 3581033 }}</ref>		*[[Stomach carcinoma]],<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref> intestinal-type.<ref name=pmid3581033>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Cristofaro \| first1 = G. \| last2 = Lynch \| first2 = HT. \| last3 = Caruso \| first3 = ML. \| last4 = Attolini \| first4 = A. \| last5 = DiMatteo \| first5 = G. \| last6 = Giorgio \| first6 = P. \| last7 = Senatore \| first7 = S. \| last8 = Argentieri \| first8 = A. \| last9 = Sbano \| first9 = E. \| title = New phenotypic aspects in a family with Lynch syndrome II. \| journal = Cancer \| volume = 60 \| issue = 1 \| pages = 51-8 \| month = Jul \| year = 1987 \| doi = \| PMID = 3581033 }}</ref>

Michael at 15:18, 3 January 2014

2014-01-03T15:18:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:18, 3 January 2014
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	The term ''Lynch syndrome'' is preferred as individuals with this syndrome often present with non-colorectal cancers.		The term ''Lynch syndrome'' is preferred as individuals with this syndrome often present with non-colorectal cancers.

	==Clinical==		==General==
			*Definitive diagnosis is by molecular testing (sequencing).
			*[[Immunohistochemical stains]] have a very strong concordance with molecular testing - see ''[[microsatellite instability]]''.

			===Clinical classification===
	Divided into:<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>		Divided into:<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref>
	*''Lynch syndrome I'' - colon cancer associated.		*''Lynch syndrome I'' - colon cancer associated.
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	** More common in females (~50%) vs. males (~25%).<ref name=pmid19215248>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Barrow \| first1 = E. \| last2 = Robinson \| first2 = L. \| last3 = Alduaij \| first3 = W. \| last4 = Shenton \| first4 = A. \| last5 = Clancy \| first5 = T. \| last6 = Lalloo \| first6 = F. \| last7 = Hill \| first7 = J. \| last8 = Evans \| first8 = DG. \| title = Cumulative lifetime incidence of extracolonic cancers in Lynch syndrome: a report of 121 families with proven mutations. \| journal = Clin Genet \| volume = 75 \| issue = 2 \| pages = 141-9 \| month = Feb \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01125.x \| PMID = 19215248 }}</ref>		** More common in females (~50%) vs. males (~25%).<ref name=pmid19215248>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Barrow \| first1 = E. \| last2 = Robinson \| first2 = L. \| last3 = Alduaij \| first3 = W. \| last4 = Shenton \| first4 = A. \| last5 = Clancy \| first5 = T. \| last6 = Lalloo \| first6 = F. \| last7 = Hill \| first7 = J. \| last8 = Evans \| first8 = DG. \| title = Cumulative lifetime incidence of extracolonic cancers in Lynch syndrome: a report of 121 families with proven mutations. \| journal = Clin Genet \| volume = 75 \| issue = 2 \| pages = 141-9 \| month = Feb \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01125.x \| PMID = 19215248 }}</ref>

	==Associations==		===Genes===
			*MSH2 gene<ref name=OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref> - most common.
			*MLH1 gene<ref name=OMIM120436>{{OMIM\|120436}}</ref> - second most common.
			*PMS2 gene.<ref name=OMIM600259>{{OMIM\|600259}}</ref>
			*MSH6 gene.<ref name=OMIM600678>{{OMIM\|600678}}</ref>
			*Others.
			===Associations===
	*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].		*[[Colorectal carcinoma]].
	*Non-endometrioid [[endometrial carcinoma]],<ref name=pmid20396392>{{cite journal \|author=Okuda T, Sekizawa A, Purwosunu Y, ''et al.'' \|title=Genetics of endometrial cancers \|journal=Obstet Gynecol Int \|volume=2010 \|issue= \|pages=984013 \|year=2010 \|pmid=20396392 \|pmc=2852605 \|doi=10.1155/2010/984013 \|url=}}</ref> e.g. [[endometrial clear cell carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid19638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 \| url = http://jcp.bmj.com/content/62/8/679.long }}</ref>		*Non-endometrioid [[endometrial carcinoma]],<ref name=pmid20396392>{{cite journal \|author=Okuda T, Sekizawa A, Purwosunu Y, ''et al.'' \|title=Genetics of endometrial cancers \|journal=Obstet Gynecol Int \|volume=2010 \|issue= \|pages=984013 \|year=2010 \|pmid=20396392 \|pmc=2852605 \|doi=10.1155/2010/984013 \|url=}}</ref> e.g. [[endometrial clear cell carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid19638537>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Garg \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Soslow \| first2 = RA. \| title = Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer) and endometrial carcinoma. \| journal = J Clin Pathol \| volume = 62 \| issue = 8 \| pages = 679-84 \| month = Aug \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1136/jcp.2009.064949 \| PMID = 19638537 \| url = http://jcp.bmj.com/content/62/8/679.long }}</ref>
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	*All the cancers are below the diaphragm.		*All the cancers are below the diaphragm.

	==~~Genes~~==		===Special types===
	*MSH2 gene<ref name=~~OMIM120435>{{OMIM\|120435}}</ref> - most common.~~		====Muir-Torre syndrome====
	*MLH1 gene<ref name=~~OMIM120436>{{OMIM\|120436}}</ref> - second most common.~~
	*PMS2 gene.<ref name=~~OMIM600259>{{OMIM\|600259}}</ref>~~
	*MSH6 gene.<ref name=OMIM600678>{{OMIM\|600678}}</ref>
	*Others.

	~~==Special types==~~
	===Muir-Torre syndrome===
	*Abbreviated ''MTS''.		*Abbreviated ''MTS''.

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	Molecular pathology:		Molecular pathology:
	*MTS is caused by mutations in MSH2 or MLH1.<ref name=omim158320>{{OMIM\|158320}}</ref>		*MTS is caused by mutations in MSH2 or MLH1.<ref name=omim158320>{{OMIM\|158320}}</ref>

			==IHC==
			:''See [[microsatellite instability]]''.

	==See also==		==See also==

Michael: twak

2013-11-14T11:07:34Z

twak

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:07, 14 November 2013
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	**More common in the [[ureter]] than in sporadic cancers.<ref name=pmid21419447>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Crockett \| first1 = DG. \| last2 = Wagner \| first2 = DG. \| last3 = Holmäng \| first3 = S. \| last4 = Johansson \| first4 = SL. \| last5 = Lynch \| first5 = HT. \| title = Upper urinary tract carcinoma in Lynch syndrome cases. \| journal = J Urol \| volume = 185 \| issue = 5 \| pages = 1627-30 \| month = May \| year = 2011 \| doi = 10.1016/j.juro.2010.12.102 \| PMID = 21419447 }}</ref>		**More common in the [[ureter]] than in sporadic cancers.<ref name=pmid21419447>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Crockett \| first1 = DG. \| last2 = Wagner \| first2 = DG. \| last3 = Holmäng \| first3 = S. \| last4 = Johansson \| first4 = SL. \| last5 = Lynch \| first5 = HT. \| title = Upper urinary tract carcinoma in Lynch syndrome cases. \| journal = J Urol \| volume = 185 \| issue = 5 \| pages = 1627-30 \| month = May \| year = 2011 \| doi = 10.1016/j.juro.2010.12.102 \| PMID = 21419447 }}</ref>
	**Papillary lesions > flat lesions.<ref name=pmid12673555>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hartmann \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Dietmaier \| first2 = W. \| last3 = Hofstädter \| first3 = F. \| last4 = Burgart \| first4 = LJ. \| last5 = Cheville \| first5 = JC. \| last6 = Blaszyk \| first6 = H. \| title = Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: inverted growth pattern is predictive of microsatellite instability. \| journal = Hum Pathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 222-7 \| month = Mar \| year = 2003 \| doi = 10.1053/hupa.2003.22 \| PMID = 12673555 }}</ref>		**Papillary lesions > flat lesions.<ref name=pmid12673555>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Hartmann \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Dietmaier \| first2 = W. \| last3 = Hofstädter \| first3 = F. \| last4 = Burgart \| first4 = LJ. \| last5 = Cheville \| first5 = JC. \| last6 = Blaszyk \| first6 = H. \| title = Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: inverted growth pattern is predictive of microsatellite instability. \| journal = Hum Pathol \| volume = 34 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 222-7 \| month = Mar \| year = 2003 \| doi = 10.1053/hupa.2003.22 \| PMID = 12673555 }}</ref>
	**~~Inverted~~ growth pattern suggestive of MSI.<ref name=pmid12673555/>		**Extensive inverted growth pattern suggestive of MSI.<ref name=pmid12673555/>

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