Glioblastoma - Revision history

Jensflorian: /* IHC */ moved from neuropathology tumours

2022-04-14T09:07:46Z

IHC: moved from neuropathology tumours

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:07, 14 April 2022
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	File:Wilms tumor protein wt1 immunohistocehmistry glioblastoma.JPG \| WT1 immunostaining in GBM (WC/jensflorian)		File:Wilms tumor protein wt1 immunohistocehmistry glioblastoma.JPG \| WT1 immunostaining in GBM (WC/jensflorian)
	File:Glioblastoma P53.jpg \| GBM with strong p53 immunreactivity (WC/jensflorian)		File:Glioblastoma P53.jpg \| GBM with strong p53 immunreactivity (WC/jensflorian)
	~~File:IDH1 GBM 20x.jpg \| IDH1 R132H immunreactivity in a secondary GBM (WC/Marvin101)~~
	File:Glioblastoma Ck7.jpg\|CK7 staining in glioblastoma with epithelial component (WC/jensflorian)		File:Glioblastoma Ck7.jpg\|CK7 staining in glioblastoma with epithelial component (WC/jensflorian)
	File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_MIB1.jpg\|Reduced proliferation in neuropil-like islands (MIB1).		File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_MIB1.jpg\|Reduced proliferation in neuropil-like islands (MIB1).
	File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_Syn.jpg \|Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in neuropil-like islands (WC/jensflorian).		File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_Syn.jpg \|Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in neuropil-like islands (WC/jensflorian).
			Image:Anaplastic_astrocytoma_-_gfap_-_very_high_mag.jpg \| Anaplastic astrocytic tumor cells - GFAP - very high mag. (WC)
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Jensflorian: /* Images */ moved from neuropathology tumours

2022-04-14T09:06:38Z

Images: moved from neuropathology tumours

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:06, 14 April 2022
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	File:Glioblastoma-radiation_changes_HE.jpg \| Radiation changes in a recurrent GBM (WC/jensflorian)		File:Glioblastoma-radiation_changes_HE.jpg \| Radiation changes in a recurrent GBM (WC/jensflorian)
	File:GBM_nested_epithelial.jpg \| Nested epitheloid appearance in a GBM specimen (WC/jensflorian)		File:GBM_nested_epithelial.jpg \| Nested epitheloid appearance in a GBM specimen (WC/jensflorian)
			Image:Glioblastoma_%281%29.jpg \| Glioblastoma - pseudopalisading of tumour cells (WC)
			Image:Glioblastoma_-_high_mag.jpg \| Glioblastoma with fragment of near-normal white matter - high mag. (WC)
			Image:Anaplastic_astrocytoma_-_very_high_mag_-_cropped.jpg \| Anaplastic astrocytoma - very high mag. (WC)
	</gallery>		</gallery>



	www:		www:

Jensflorian: /* Images */ + unusual morphology

2019-01-16T11:03:10Z

Images: + unusual morphology

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:03, 16 January 2019
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	File:GBM layers.jpg \| Resection borders in a recurrent GBM (WC/jensflorian)		File:GBM layers.jpg \| Resection borders in a recurrent GBM (WC/jensflorian)
	File:Glioblastoma-radiation_changes_HE.jpg \| Radiation changes in a recurrent GBM (WC/jensflorian)		File:Glioblastoma-radiation_changes_HE.jpg \| Radiation changes in a recurrent GBM (WC/jensflorian)
			File:GBM_nested_epithelial.jpg \| Nested epitheloid appearance in a GBM specimen (WC/jensflorian)
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Jensflorian: /* Molecular */ +chr7/-10

2018-04-23T08:54:35Z

Molecular: +chr7/-10

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:54, 23 April 2018
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	** In cases above 55 years, negative IDH1 R132H immunohistochemistry may be sufficient.		** In cases above 55 years, negative IDH1 R132H immunohistochemistry may be sufficient.

			* 70% of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma show chr.7 gain and chr.10 loss.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Ceccarelli \| first1 = M. \| last2 = Barthel \| first2 = FP. \| last3 = Malta \| first3 = TM. \| last4 = Sabedot \| first4 = TS. \| last5 = Salama \| first5 = SR. \| last6 = Murray \| first6 = BA. \| last7 = Morozova \| first7 = O. \| last8 = Newton \| first8 = Y. \| last9 = Radenbaugh \| first9 = A. \| title = Molecular Profiling Reveals Biologically Discrete Subsets and Pathways of Progression in Diffuse Glioma. \| journal = Cell \| volume = 164 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 550-63 \| month = Jan \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.028 \| PMID = 26824661 }}</ref>

	*Seen in inherited tumor syndromes:		*Seen in inherited tumor syndromes:
	**[[Lynch syndrome]]		**[[Lynch syndrome]]

Jensflorian: /* Molecular */ wikify + ref

2017-03-23T11:32:44Z

Molecular: wikify + ref

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:32, 23 March 2017
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	*Diagnostic/therapeutic relevant markers:		*Diagnostic/therapeutic relevant markers:
	**MGMT promoter methylation status		**[[MGMT]] promoter methylation status<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Quillien \| first1 = V. \| last2 = Lavenu \| first2 = A. \| last3 = Karayan-Tapon \| first3 = L. \| last4 = Carpentier \| first4 = C. \| last5 = Labussière \| first5 = M. \| last6 = Lesimple \| first6 = T. \| last7 = Chinot \| first7 = O. \| last8 = Wager \| first8 = M. \| last9 = Honnorat \| first9 = J. \| title = Comparative assessment of 5 methods (methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, MethyLight, pyrosequencing, methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting, and immunohistochemistry) to analyze O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltranferase in a series of 100 glioblastoma patients. \| journal = Cancer \| volume = 118 \| issue = 17 \| pages = 4201-11 \| month = Sep \| year = 2012 \| doi = 10.1002/cncr.27392 \| PMID = 22294349 }}</ref>
	**Absence of LOH 1p/19q (otherwise classify tumor as [[oligodendroglioma]]).		**Absence of LOH 1p/19q (otherwise classify tumor as [[oligodendroglioma]]).<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Masui \| first1 = K. \| last2 = Mischel \| first2 = PS. \| last3 = Reifenberger \| first3 = G. \| title = Molecular classification of gliomas. \| journal = Handb Clin Neurol \| volume = 134 \| issue = \| pages = 97-120 \| month = \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1016/B978-0-12-802997-8.00006-2 \| PMID = 26948350 }}</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==

Jensflorian: /* Molecular */ wikify

2016-09-20T08:11:44Z

Molecular: wikify

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:11, 20 September 2016
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	*Seen in inherited tumor syndromes:		*Seen in inherited tumor syndromes:
	**Lynch~~-Syndrome~~		**[[Lynch syndrome]]
	**[[Neurofibromatosis 1]]		**[[Neurofibromatosis 1]]
	**Li-Fraumeni~~-Syndrome~~		**[[Li-Fraumeni syndrome]]
	**Turcot-Syndrome		**Turcot-Syndrome

Jensflorian: /* Molecular */ IDh1/2 sequencing

2016-09-20T08:09:31Z

Molecular: IDh1/2 sequencing

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:09, 20 September 2016
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	==Molecular==		==Molecular==
			*IDH1/2 sequencing in cases below 55 years is mandatory to separate between Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype and Glioblastoma IDH-mutant.
			** In cases above 55 years, negative IDH1 R132H immunohistochemistry may be sufficient.

	*Seen in inherited tumor syndromes:		*Seen in inherited tumor syndromes:
	**Lynch-Syndrome		**Lynch-Syndrome

Jensflorian: /* IHC */ secondary GBM

2016-09-20T08:07:33Z

IHC: secondary GBM

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:07, 20 September 2016
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	*[[MAP2]] +ve.		*[[MAP2]] +ve.
	*[[IDH-1]] -ve (95%).		*[[IDH-1]] -ve (95%).
	**+ve if developed from lower grade astrocytoma (secondary GBM).		**+ve if developed from lower grade astrocytoma (secondary GBM) -> classify tumor as Glioblastoma, IDH-mutant.
	*[[WT-1]] +ve (cytoplasm).		*[[WT-1]] +ve (cytoplasm).
	*p53 +ve (70%).		*p53 +ve (70%).
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	*panCK -ve (except for GBM with epithelial component).		*panCK -ve (except for GBM with epithelial component).
	*[[ATRX]]: +ve (no loss, nuclei)		*[[ATRX]]: +ve (no loss, nuclei)
	**-ve if developed from lower grade astrocytoma (secondary GBM).		**-ve if developed from lower grade astrocytoma (secondary GBM).
	*EMA: Dot-like expression less common than in [[ependymoma]]s.		*EMA: Dot-like expression less common than in [[ependymoma]]s.
	*MIB-1 usu. 15-30%, but varies greatly.		*MIB-1 usu. 15-30%, but varies greatly.

Jensflorian: /* General */ who 2016 update

2016-09-20T08:05:38Z

General: who 2016 update

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:05, 20 September 2016
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	*Median survival is measured in months.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Jubelirer \| first1 = SJ. \| title = A review of the treatment and survival rates of 138 patients with glioblastoma multiforme. \| journal = W V Med J \| volume = 92 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 186-90 \| month = \| year = \| doi = \| PMID = 8772403 }}</ref>		*Median survival is measured in months.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Jubelirer \| first1 = SJ. \| title = A review of the treatment and survival rates of 138 patients with glioblastoma multiforme. \| journal = W V Med J \| volume = 92 \| issue = 4 \| pages = 186-90 \| month = \| year = \| doi = \| PMID = 8772403 }}</ref>
	*Only about 5% can expect to survive more than three years.<ref name=pmid17785346>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Krex \| first1 = D. \| last2 = Klink \| first2 = B. \| last3 = Hartmann \| first3 = C. \| last4 = von Deimling \| first4 = A. \| last5 = Pietsch \| first5 = T. \| last6 = Simon \| first6 = M. \| last7 = Sabel \| first7 = M. \| last8 = Steinbach \| first8 = JP. \| last9 = Heese \| first9 = O. \| title = Long-term survival with glioblastoma multiforme. \| journal = Brain \| volume = 130 \| issue = Pt 10 \| pages = 2596-606 \| month = Oct \| year = 2007 \| doi = 10.1093/brain/awm204 \| PMID = 17785346 }}</ref>		*Only about 5% can expect to survive more than three years.<ref name=pmid17785346>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Krex \| first1 = D. \| last2 = Klink \| first2 = B. \| last3 = Hartmann \| first3 = C. \| last4 = von Deimling \| first4 = A. \| last5 = Pietsch \| first5 = T. \| last6 = Simon \| first6 = M. \| last7 = Sabel \| first7 = M. \| last8 = Steinbach \| first8 = JP. \| last9 = Heese \| first9 = O. \| title = Long-term survival with glioblastoma multiforme. \| journal = Brain \| volume = 130 \| issue = Pt 10 \| pages = 2596-606 \| month = Oct \| year = 2007 \| doi = 10.1093/brain/awm204 \| PMID = 17785346 }}</ref>
			*Current classification recognizes three types:
			** Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype (aka primary GBM, ICD-O: 9440/3).
			** Glioblastoma, IDH-mutant (aka secondary GBM, ICD-O: 9445/3).
			** Glioblastoma, NOS (lack of molecular data).

	==Macroscopy==		==Macroscopy==

Jensflorian: /* Molecular */ pediatric GBM

2016-09-20T07:55:48Z

Molecular: pediatric GBM

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:55, 20 September 2016
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	**PI3K-pathway genes (7-10%).		**PI3K-pathway genes (7-10%).

			*Pediatric glioblastoma
			**are morphologically indistinct from adult GBM.
			**show frequent H3F3A mutations and PDGFRA mutations (Note: H3F3A K27M mutations are classified as [[Astrocytoma#H3.3_K27M_mutated_glioma_of_the_midline\|K27 mutated midline glioma]]).
			**Consider Epithelioid GBM, when BRAF V600E mutated.

	*Diagnostic/therapeutic relevant markers:		*Diagnostic/therapeutic relevant markers:

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:07, 14 April 2022
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	File:Wilms tumor protein wt1 immunohistocehmistry glioblastoma.JPG \| WT1 immunostaining in GBM (WC/jensflorian)		File:Wilms tumor protein wt1 immunohistocehmistry glioblastoma.JPG \| WT1 immunostaining in GBM (WC/jensflorian)
	File:Glioblastoma P53.jpg \| GBM with strong p53 immunreactivity (WC/jensflorian)		File:Glioblastoma P53.jpg \| GBM with strong p53 immunreactivity (WC/jensflorian)
	~~File:IDH1 GBM 20x.jpg \| IDH1 R132H immunreactivity in a secondary GBM (WC/Marvin101)~~
	File:Glioblastoma Ck7.jpg\|CK7 staining in glioblastoma with epithelial component (WC/jensflorian)		File:Glioblastoma Ck7.jpg\|CK7 staining in glioblastoma with epithelial component (WC/jensflorian)
	File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_MIB1.jpg\|Reduced proliferation in neuropil-like islands (MIB1).		File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_MIB1.jpg\|Reduced proliferation in neuropil-like islands (MIB1).
	File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_Syn.jpg \|Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in neuropil-like islands (WC/jensflorian).		File:GBM_with_Neuropil_island_Syn.jpg \|Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in neuropil-like islands (WC/jensflorian).
			Image:Anaplastic_astrocytoma_-_gfap_-_very_high_mag.jpg \| Anaplastic astrocytic tumor cells - GFAP - very high mag. (WC)
	</gallery>		</gallery>