Fungi - Revision history

Michael: /* General */

2022-06-22T15:03:18Z

General

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	*Yeast forms.		*Yeast forms.
	*Locations: oral cavity, vagina.		*Locations: oral cavity, vagina.

			===Gross===
			Esophageal candidiasis:
			*"Sticky": do not wash-off from the mucosa with water irrigation.<ref>URL: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537268/]. Accessed on: 2022 June 22.</ref>

	===Microscopic===		===Microscopic===

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2022-03-10T19:00:17Z

Microscopic

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	"Dented ping-pong ball" appearance.<ref name=Ref_WMSP103>{{Ref WMSP\|103}}</ref> *Remember '''P'''C'''P''' = '''p'''ing-'''p'''ong.		"Dented ping-pong ball" appearance.<ref name=Ref_WMSP103>{{Ref WMSP\|103}}</ref> *Remember '''P'''C'''P''' = '''p'''ing-'''p'''ong.
	**Approximately 7-8 μm in size.		**Approximately 7-8 μm in size.

			DDx:
			*[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]].

	====Images====		====Images====
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	www:		www:
	*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=Pneumocystis+carinii&go=Go Several images of PCP (WC)].		*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=Pneumocystis+carinii&go=Go Several images of PCP (WC)].

	===Stains===		===Stains===
	*[[GMS stain]] +ve.		*[[GMS stain]] +ve.

Michael: /* Sign out */

2016-05-27T21:37:21Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 21:37, 27 May 2016
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	===Sign out===		===Sign out===
	*The gold standard for determining the microorganisms is culture.		*The gold standard for determining the microorganisms is culture.
	*As anatomical pathologists are approximately 80% accurate (when measured against culture), it is important to state something like ''correlation with culture is ~~suggested~~''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>		*As anatomical pathologists are approximately 80% accurate (when measured against culture), it is important to state something like ''correlation with culture is recommended''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>

	==Summary table==		==Summary table==

Michael: /* Sign out */

2016-05-27T21:36:18Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 21:36, 27 May 2016
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	===Sign out===		===Sign out===
	*The gold standard for determining the microorganisms is culture.		*The gold standard for determining the microorganisms is culture.
	*As anatomical pathologists are approximately 80% accurate (when measured against culture),~~<ref name=pmid19228642/>~~ it is important to state something like ''correlation with culture is suggested''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>		*As anatomical pathologists are approximately 80% accurate (when measured against culture), it is important to state something like ''correlation with culture is suggested''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>

	==Summary table==		==Summary table==

Michael: /* Sign out */

2016-05-27T21:35:55Z

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	===Sign out===		===Sign out===
	*The gold standard for determining the ~~microorganism~~ is culture.		*The gold standard for determining the microorganisms is culture.
	*As anatomical pathologists are approximately 80% accurate (when measured against culture),<ref name=pmid19228642/> it is important to state something like ''correlation with culture is suggested''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>		*As anatomical pathologists are approximately 80% accurate (when measured against culture),<ref name=pmid19228642/> it is important to state something like ''correlation with culture is suggested''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>

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2016-05-27T21:35:37Z

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	===Sign out===		===Sign out===
	It is important to state: ''~~Correlation~~ with culture is suggested''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>		*The gold standard for determining the microorganism is culture.
			*As anatomical pathologists are approximately 80% accurate (when measured against culture),<ref name=pmid19228642/> it is important to state something like ''correlation with culture is suggested''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>

	==Summary table==		==Summary table==

Michael: /* Tissue invasive fungi */

2016-05-27T21:32:18Z

Tissue invasive fungi

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:32, 27 May 2016
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	*[[Mucor]].		*[[Mucor]].
	*[[Aspergillus]].		*[[Aspergillus]].

			===Sign out===
			It is important to state: ''Correlation with culture is suggested''.<ref name=pmid19228642>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Sangoi \| first1 = AR. \| last2 = Rogers \| first2 = WM. \| last3 = Longacre \| first3 = TA. \| last4 = Montoya \| first4 = JG. \| last5 = Baron \| first5 = EJ. \| last6 = Banaei \| first6 = N. \| title = Challenges and pitfalls of morphologic identification of fungal infections in histologic and cytologic specimens: a ten-year retrospective review at a single institution. \| journal = Am J Clin Pathol \| volume = 131 \| issue = 3 \| pages = 364-75 \| month = Mar \| year = 2009 \| doi = 10.1309/AJCP99OOOZSNISCZ \| PMID = 19228642 }}</ref>

	==Summary table==		==Summary table==

Michael: /* Aspergillosis */ split out

2016-05-27T20:46:03Z

Aspergillosis: split out

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:46, 27 May 2016
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	==Aspergillosis==		==Aspergillosis==
	~~===General===~~		{{Main\|Aspergillosis}}
	*Due to ''Aspergillus''.
	*Fungus.
	*Associated with immunosuppression/immunodeficiency.
	**Rarely in immune competent individuals.<ref name=pmid7844909>{{~~Cite journal~~ \| last1 = Sugimura \| first1 = S. \| last2 = Yoshida \| first2 = K. \| last3 = Oba \| first3 = H. \| last4 = Hashiguchi \| first4 = K. \| last5 = Nakajima \| first5 = M. \| last6 = Moriya \| first6 = O. \| last7 = Okimoto \| first7 = N. \| last8 = Niki \| first8 = Y. \| last9 = Soejima \| first9 = R. \| title = [Two cases of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-immunocompromised hosts]. \| journal = Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi \| volume = 32 \| issue = 10 \| pages = 1032-7 \| month = Oct \| year = 1994 \| doi = \| PMID = 7844909 }}
	~~</ref>~~

	~~===Microscopic===~~
	~~Features:~~
	*Hyphae that branching with 45 degrees angle - '''key feature'''.<ref name=Ref_APBR682>{{Ref APBR\|682}}</ref>
	**Uniform width - typically ~3-5 μm.
	*Septated - often difficult to see.
	*"Fruiting heads" when aerobic - uncommon.
	**Spherical structures ~50 micrometres in diameter with radially arranged structures (like spokes of a wheel) +/- an empty centre in the plane of section.

	~~DDx:~~
	*[[Mucormycosis]] - irregular width.
	*Scedosporium prolificans - in immunoincompetent individuals.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html]. Accessed on: 14 January 2012.</ref>
	*[[Candida]].<ref name=pmid21482725>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guarner \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Brandt \| first2 = ME. \| title = Histopathologic diagnosis of fungal infections in the 21st century. \| journal = Clin Microbiol Rev \| volume = 24 \| issue = 2 \| pages = 247-80 \| month = Apr \| year = 2011 \| doi = 10.1128/CMR.00053-10 \| PMID = 21482725 }}</ref>

	~~====Images====~~
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~Image:Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg \| Aspergillus (WC)~~
	~~Image:Pulmonary_aspergillosis_cytology.jpg \| Aspergillus - [[cytology]]. (WC)~~
	~~Image:Aspergillus_-_high_mag.jpg \| Aspergillus with fruiting head - high mag. (WC)~~
	~~Image:Aspergillus_-_add_-_very_high_mag.jpg \| Aspergillus with fruiting head - very high mag. (WC)~~
	~~File:Aspergillosis, angioinvasive, - GMS stain (5390967417).jpg \| Angionvasive aspergillosis. (WC/Yale Rosen)~~
	~~File:Aspergillosis, granulomatous (5390380567).jpg \| Granulomatous reaction in aspergillosis - HE.(WC/Yale Rosen)~~
	~~File:Aspergilloma (5390379559).jpg \| Aspergilloma. (WC/Yale Rosen)~~
	~~</gallery>~~
	~~www:~~
	*[http://www.ispub.com/journal/the-internet-journal-of-otorhinolaryngology/volume-6-number-1/maxillary-sinus-mycetoma-due-to-aspergillus-niger.article-g03.fs.jpg Aspergillosis - fruiting head (ispub.com)].<ref>URL: [http://www.ispub.com/journal/the-internet-journal-of-otorhinolaryngology/volume-6-number-1/maxillary-sinus-mycetoma-due-to-aspergillus-niger.html http://www.ispub.com/journal/the-internet-journal-of-otorhinolaryngology/volume-6-number-1/maxillary-sinus-mycetoma-due-to-aspergillus-niger.html]. Accessed on: 27 February 2012.</ref>

	~~===Stains===~~
	*PAS-D +ve.

	==Microsporidiosis==		==Microsporidiosis==

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2016-05-27T20:37:34Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:37, 27 May 2016
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	*[[Mucormycosis]] - irregular width.		*[[Mucormycosis]] - irregular width.
	*Scedosporium prolificans - in immunoincompetent individuals.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html]. Accessed on: 14 January 2012.</ref>		*Scedosporium prolificans - in immunoincompetent individuals.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html]. Accessed on: 14 January 2012.</ref>
	*[[Candida]].		*[[Candida]].<ref name=pmid21482725>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Guarner \| first1 = J. \| last2 = Brandt \| first2 = ME. \| title = Histopathologic diagnosis of fungal infections in the 21st century. \| journal = Clin Microbiol Rev \| volume = 24 \| issue = 2 \| pages = 247-80 \| month = Apr \| year = 2011 \| doi = 10.1128/CMR.00053-10 \| PMID = 21482725 }}</ref>

	====Images====		====Images====

Michael: /* Microscopic */

2016-05-27T20:32:55Z

Microscopic

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:32, 27 May 2016
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	*[[Mucormycosis]] - irregular width.		*[[Mucormycosis]] - irregular width.
	*Scedosporium prolificans - in immunoincompetent individuals.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html]. Accessed on: 14 January 2012.</ref>		*Scedosporium prolificans - in immunoincompetent individuals.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case290.html]. Accessed on: 14 January 2012.</ref>
			*[[Candida]].

	====Images====		====Images====